Rotator Cuff Pathophysiology

What anatomical structure partly surrounds the rotator cuff, predisposing it to injury?

Which movement dysfunction increases the risk of impingement of the rotator cuff?

What is a major vascular characteristic of the rotator cuff tendon?

Why might patients with rotator cuff issues find relief in a 'hands in your pocket' position?

What common activity further compromises the blood supply to the rotator cuff tendon?

What is a characteristic of the shoulder joint that contributes to rotator cuff injuries?

Rotator Cuff Injury Predisposition

The rotator cuff is surrounded by the greater tubercle of the humerus, acromion, and coracoacromial ligament, making it prone to injury due to its location.
The rotator cuff is susceptible to impingement due to any dysfunction in its ability to provide inferior gliding of the humeral head in the glenoid fossa during flexion and abduction.
The rotator cuff tendon is relatively hypovascular, making it more vulnerable to injury.

Factors Compromising Blood Supply

Repeated overhead reaching compromises the blood supply to the rotator cuff tendon.
The normal weight of the arm hanging at the side also puts tension on the tendon, which can be relieved by the "hands in your pocket" position.

Muscular Stabilization and Impingement

The shoulder joint is relatively unstable and relies on the muscular stabilization of the rotator cuff muscles.
The rotator cuff muscles are subject to wear and tear due to their role in stabilizing the shoulder joint.

Clinical Implications

Slings used in rotator cuff repair hold the shoulder in slight abduction to reduce tension on the tendon.

Learn about the factors that predispose the rotator cuff to injury, including its location, function, and blood supply. Understand how dysfunction can lead to impingement and damage.