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Questions and Answers
What structure do infective nematodes use to penetrate the host's surface?
What structure do infective nematodes use to penetrate the host's surface?
How do nematodes obtain food from their hosts?
How do nematodes obtain food from their hosts?
At which stage do female adult nematodes begin laying eggs?
At which stage do female adult nematodes begin laying eggs?
What is one method mentioned for controlling nematodes in the field?
What is one method mentioned for controlling nematodes in the field?
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What is the primary role of the larvae of nematodes in the disease cycle?
What is the primary role of the larvae of nematodes in the disease cycle?
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Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with root knot of vegetables caused by Meloidogyne spp.?
Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with root knot of vegetables caused by Meloidogyne spp.?
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What is the most favorable temperature range for the infection and multiplication of Meloidogyne spp.?
What is the most favorable temperature range for the infection and multiplication of Meloidogyne spp.?
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Which type of soil is most conducive for the root knot disease caused by Meloidogyne spp.?
Which type of soil is most conducive for the root knot disease caused by Meloidogyne spp.?
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How do Meloidogyne spp. larvae first interact with their host plants?
How do Meloidogyne spp. larvae first interact with their host plants?
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Which statement accurately describes the life cycle of Meloidogyne spp.?
Which statement accurately describes the life cycle of Meloidogyne spp.?
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What happens to the male nematodes during the infection process?
What happens to the male nematodes during the infection process?
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What is the shape of the eggs produced by adult female Meloidogyne spp. in the host tissue?
What is the shape of the eggs produced by adult female Meloidogyne spp. in the host tissue?
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What is the primary factor affecting the movement of Meloidogyne spp. larvae in the soil?
What is the primary factor affecting the movement of Meloidogyne spp. larvae in the soil?
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Study Notes
Root Knot of Vegetables
- Causal Organism: Meloidogyne spp. (nematodes)
- Common Species: M. arenaria, M. incognita, M. javanica
- Hosts: Potato, tomato, brinjal, bhindi, cucurbits, carrot, chillies, groundnut, radish
- Symptoms: Sickly/stunted growth, yellowish-green/yellow leaves, drooping/wilting, gall formation on roots and tubers (potato)
- Environmental Relationship: Most destructive in sandy loam or silt loam soils, optimal temperature range 12°C to 35°C, above 40°C kills larvae, survival/movement affected by moisture, clay content, and aeration
- Host-Parasite Relationship: Obligate parasites, attracted by root exudates, penetrate host, migrate to endodermis, females embed in host cells causing gall formation, males die, eggs deposited on root surfaces
Disease Cycle
- Soil-borne: Eggs survive in plant debris
- Larval Development: Eggs hatch into larvae that molt; infective larvae penetrate host
- Feeding and Reproduction: Larvae penetrate and feed; females form galls; females lay eggs in root
- Host Infection: Eggs hatch into larvae that enter a host to begin the cycle again.
Control
- Soil Fumigation: After removing plant residue.
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Description
This quiz covers the root knot caused by Meloidogyne spp. and its impact on various vegetables such as potatoes, tomatoes, and cucurbits. It explores the symptoms, environmental conditions, and the disease cycle associated with this plant parasite. Test your knowledge on this significant agricultural issue!
