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Roman Law and Grotius: Universal Application of Laws

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Roman Law and Grotius: Universal Application of Laws

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Questions and Answers

What did the early Roman law (jus civile) apply to initially?

Roman citizens and citizens of allied states

Only foreigners

Both Romans and foreigners

Only Roman citizens (correct)

What role did the jus gentium play in the Roman legal system?

Was used for criminal cases

Applied only to foreigners

Provided simplified rules for relations between foreigners and citizens (correct)

Only governed relations between Roman citizens

According to John Austin, what is the primary reason he does not consider international law as true law?

Is enforced too strictly

Has too many legislative bodies

Lacks legislative, executive, and judiciary machinery (correct)

Has too many sanctions for enforcement

In Thomas Erskine Holland's view, why does he believe International Law is not true law?

Lacks effective sanctions for enforcement (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did Cornelius van Bynkershoek focus on despite being part of the positivist school in international jurisprudence?

Freedom of seas (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Naturalist Theory and the Positivist Theory of International Law?

The Naturalist Theory focuses on morality and universal principles, while the Positivist Theory emphasizes law made by humans. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which theory of International Law is criticized for the possibility of treaties being binding on third States?

Positivist Theory (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept behind the Pacta Sunt Servanda rule in International Law?

It establishes that treaties should be complied with by all parties. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does Jus Cogens refer to in International Law?

Certain principles all states must observe, known as peremptory norms. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Public International Law, as mentioned in the text?

Regulating international relations among states and international institutions. (A) Signup and view all the answers