Role of Binary Cement in Sustainable Concrete Production Review

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What is the largest energy demanding sector of the concrete industry according to The Concrete Centre (2010a,b,c)?

Portland Cement

What have the cement sector and Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag sectors committed to in terms of reducing energy use?

Voluntary Climate Change Agreements (CCA)

What will happen if the energy reduction targets set by the Cement sector and Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag sectors are not achieved?

Financial penalties

By what percentage did the Cement sector improve its CCA performance between 1990 and 2010?

<p>44.8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much energy reduction did the Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) sector achieve between 1999 and 2010?

<p>16%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) and how is it obtained?

<p>GGBS is a by-product obtained during the manufacture of iron in the blast furnace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is GGBS economically suitable for use in concrete production?

<p>GGBS is available in large quantities and economically viable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main raw materials fed into blast furnaces during the manufacture of iron?

<p>Iron-ore, coke, and limestone</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what temperature are blast furnaces typically operated during the iron manufacturing process?

<p>About 2000 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the reduced iron during the iron manufacturing process in blast furnaces?

<p>It sinks to the bottom of the furnace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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