Road to Civil War

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Questions and Answers

Which political party was established in 1848 with the primary goal of prohibiting slavery in newly acquired western territories?

  • Whig Party
  • Democratic Party
  • Free-Soil Party (correct)
  • Republican Party

Which of the following is an example of popular sovereignty in action during the pre-Civil War era?

  • The Dred Scott Supreme Court decision
  • The Kansas-Nebraska Act (correct)
  • The Emancipation Proclamation
  • The Missouri Compromise

How did Uncle Tom's Cabin influence public opinion regarding slavery?

  • It encouraged the South to consider abolishing slavery.
  • It minimized the moral implications of slavery, framing it primarily as a political issue.
  • It had no impact on public opinion.
  • It shifted Northern perspectives to view slavery as a moral wrong rather than merely a political debate. (correct)

What was the primary impact of the Dred Scott Supreme Court decision on the slavery debate?

<p>It intensified the slavery debate by deepening the divide between the North and South, sparking outrage in the North. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What immediate effect did Abraham Lincoln's election to the presidency in 1860 have on national unity?

<p>It led several Southern states, including Florida, Georgia, and Alabama, to secede from the Union, forming the Confederate States of America. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What made Fort Sumter historically significant?

<p>It was the location of the first battle of the Civil War, after Confederates attacked to prevent it remaining in Union hands. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Southern states primarily respond to Abraham Lincoln's election in 1860?

<p>They concluded that the federal government was against their interests, leading them to secede from the Union and establish the Confederate States of America. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these territories were directly involved in the Missouri Compromise?

<p>Nebraska, and parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which new territories were created in 1854, contributing to further tensions over slavery?

<p>Kansas and Nebraska (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the newly formed territories in 1854 were designated to decide the slavery issue based on popular sovereignty?

<p>Kansas and Nebraska (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three specific legislative compromises that were enacted with the goal of postponing the outbreak of the Civil War.

<p>The Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the election of 1860 and the resulting secession of Southern states directly led to the start of the Civil War.

<p>Lincoln's election led to secession, which caused the attack on fort sumter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Fugitive Slave Act required Northerners to assist in the return of escaped slaves, leading to increased support for slavery in the North.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formation of the Republican Party in 1854 aimed to expand slavery into new territories.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The idea that residents of a state or territory should decide whether or not to allow slavery was known as______.

<p>popular sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______ Compromise admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining the balance in the Senate.

<p>Missouri</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their impacts on the division within the United States:

<p>Missouri Compromise = Temporarily reduced tensions but created a geographic boundary for slavery. Compromise of 1850 = Increased tensions with the Fugitive Slave Act. Kansas-Nebraska Act = Led to violence over popular sovereignty and further divided the nation. Dred Scott Decision = Infuriated the North, denying Congress the power to regulate slavery in territories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the individual to what their role was in the start of the civil war:

<p>Abe lincoln = Was elected president Confederates = Attacked Fort Sumter. Republicans = Aimed to contain slavery to where slavery was already Stephen A. Douglas = Northern Democratic Party.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main impact of the book, 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'?

<p>Increased awareness through powerful depictions of the lives and suffering of slaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the confederates plan on doing after the election of Abe Lincoln

<p>Leave the union and start their own country</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Free-Soil Party

A political party formed in 1848 that opposed the expansion of slavery into western territories.

Popular Sovereignty

The principle that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives, who are the source of all political power.

"Uncle Tom's Cabin"

A novel that depicted the harsh realities of slavery, leading many in the North to view slavery as a moral issue.

Dred Scott Case Ruling

The Supreme Court's decision that intensified the slavery debate by denying citizenship to enslaved people and invalidating the Missouri Compromise.

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Abraham Lincoln's Election (1860)

Caused several southern states to secede from the Union, leading to the formation of the Confederate States of America.

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Fort Sumter

The location where the first shots of the Civil War were fired.

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Southern Reaction to Lincoln's Election

Southern states seceded from the Union, forming the Confederate States of America.

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Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

Allowed settlers in Kansas and Nebraska to decide whether to allow slavery through popular sovereignty.

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Compromises Delaying the Civil War

Series of legislative measures that attempted to resolve the issue of slavery and avert civil war. These include the Missouri Compromise (1820), the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854).

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Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

Required Northerners to return runaway slaves, which deepened divisions and strengthened abolitionist movements.

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Republican Party Formation (1854)

Political party formed in 1854 to prevent the expansion of slavery into new territories.

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Study Notes

  • The Free-Soil Party was formed in 1848 with the primary goal of banning slavery in western territories.
  • Popular sovereignty allowed residents of a territory to decide on the issue of slavery.
  • The Kansas-Nebraska Act is an example of popular sovereignty.

Uncle Tom's Cabin

  • Illustrated slavery as a moral issue, shifting public opinion in the North away from merely viewing it as a political issue.

Dred Scott Case

  • Intensified the slavery debate, further dividing the North and South.
  • The ruling in the Dred Scott case angered the North.

Election of Abraham Lincoln

  • Prompted several Southern states, including Florida, Georgia, and Alabama, to secede from the Union.
  • Led to the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Fort Sumter

  • Located in South Carolina, guarded Charleston harbor.
  • Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter to prevent it from remaining in Union hands.

Southern Reaction to Lincoln's Election

  • Southern states believed the President and Congress were against them.
  • These states seceded from the Union and formed a new government.

Missouri Compromise

  • Involved territories that would later become Nebraska, California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico.
  • Also included most of Arizona and Colorado, and parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming.

New Territories (1854)

  • Kansas and Nebraska were created in 1854.
  • Both Kansas and Nebraska were granted popular sovereignty.

Essay: Compromises Delaying the Civil War

  • The Missouri Compromise (1820), the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) all delayed the Civil War.
  • The compromises ended up heightening tensions instead.

Election of 1850

  • The Compromise of 1850 included the Fugitive Slave Act.
  • The Fugitive Slave Act deepened divisions between the North and South.
  • The Act required Northerners to return runaway slaves, angering the North and aiding abolitionist movements.
  • Northern resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act, and the rise of the Republican Party opposing slavery, intensified sectional tensions.
  • Political polarization from the election of 1850 led to the start of the Civil War.

Election of 1860

  • Abraham Lincoln, of the Republican party, and Stephen A. Douglas, of the Northern Democratic Party, stood opposed on the issues of slavery and the future of the Union.
  • Abraham Lincoln was a former congressman.

Fugitive Slave Act and Republican Party Formation

  • The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 forced Northerners to return runaway slaves.
  • The Fugitive Slave Act ignited opposition in the North and fueled abolitionist movements.
  • Formation of the Republican Party in 1854 was fueled by the desire to prevent the expansion of slavery.
  • Divisions over slavery deepened as the Republican Party gained strength.
  • These divisions pushed the country closer to the Civil War.

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