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What is the term for the distance ahead that must be clear to permit safe passing?
What is the term for the distance ahead that must be clear to permit safe passing?
What is the ratio between parallel forces divided by the normal forces in banking of curves?
What is the ratio between parallel forces divided by the normal forces in banking of curves?
What is the time taken for the final action in the driver's response to a stimulus?
What is the time taken for the final action in the driver's response to a stimulus?
What is the standard reaction time used for road safety design?
What is the standard reaction time used for road safety design?
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What is the time taken from the instant the object is visible to the driver to the instant the brakes are effectively applied?
What is the time taken from the instant the object is visible to the driver to the instant the brakes are effectively applied?
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What is the measure of the number of vehicles per unit distance occupying a section of roadway at a given instant time?
What is the measure of the number of vehicles per unit distance occupying a section of roadway at a given instant time?
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What type of tide occurs when the moon is in its quarter and the lines connecting the earth with the sun and the moon form a right triangle?
What type of tide occurs when the moon is in its quarter and the lines connecting the earth with the sun and the moon form a right triangle?
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What is the term for the circulation of masses of air more or less parallel to the earth's surface?
What is the term for the circulation of masses of air more or less parallel to the earth's surface?
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What is the graphical representation of the direction, frequency, and intensity of winds at a particular location over a period of time called?
What is the graphical representation of the direction, frequency, and intensity of winds at a particular location over a period of time called?
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What scale is used to measure the intensity and free of winds?
What scale is used to measure the intensity and free of winds?
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What is the term for the higher of the two high waters of any diurnal tide?
What is the term for the higher of the two high waters of any diurnal tide?
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What is the term for the tidal current setting into the bays and estuaries along the coast?
What is the term for the tidal current setting into the bays and estuaries along the coast?
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What is the term used to describe the degree and kind of cohesion and adhesion between the soil particles?
What is the term used to describe the degree and kind of cohesion and adhesion between the soil particles?
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What is the process of dividing the sliding mass above the failure surface into a number of slices?
What is the process of dividing the sliding mass above the failure surface into a number of slices?
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Which method is used to measure the ability of the soil to withstand an applied stress or pressure?
Which method is used to measure the ability of the soil to withstand an applied stress or pressure?
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What is the term used to describe the moisture content at which soil begins to behave as a liquid material and begins to flow?
What is the term used to describe the moisture content at which soil begins to behave as a liquid material and begins to flow?
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What is the term for the type of failure that occurs when the surface of sliding passes at a distance below the toe of the slope?
What is the term for the type of failure that occurs when the surface of sliding passes at a distance below the toe of the slope?
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What is the term used to describe the moisture content at which soil begins to behave as a plastic material?
What is the term used to describe the moisture content at which soil begins to behave as a plastic material?
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What is the condition in which every point in a soil mass is on the verge of failure?
What is the condition in which every point in a soil mass is on the verge of failure?
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What is the term for the pressure that soil exerts against a structure in a sideways, mainly horizontal direction?
What is the term for the pressure that soil exerts against a structure in a sideways, mainly horizontal direction?
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What is the term used to describe the moisture content at which no further volume change occurs with further reduction in moisture content?
What is the term used to describe the moisture content at which no further volume change occurs with further reduction in moisture content?
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What is the state that occurs when a soil mass is allowed to relax or move outward to the point of reaching the limiting strength of the soil?
What is the state that occurs when a soil mass is allowed to relax or move outward to the point of reaching the limiting strength of the soil?
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What is the purpose of Flow Nets in groundwater flow?
What is the purpose of Flow Nets in groundwater flow?
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What is the term for the circle of failure in the case of base failure?
What is the term for the circle of failure in the case of base failure?
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What is the minimum lateral soil pressure that may be exerted?
What is the minimum lateral soil pressure that may be exerted?
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What type of foundation is used to spread the load of the structure over a large area of the soil?
What type of foundation is used to spread the load of the structure over a large area of the soil?
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What is the term for a combined footing that may cover the entire area under a structure, supporting several columns and walls?
What is the term for a combined footing that may cover the entire area under a structure, supporting several columns and walls?
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Who is credited with presenting a comprehensive theory for evaluating the ultimate bearing capacity of rough shallow foundations?
Who is credited with presenting a comprehensive theory for evaluating the ultimate bearing capacity of rough shallow foundations?
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Who proposed a correlation for the net allowable bearing pressure for foundations with the standard penetration resistance?
Who proposed a correlation for the net allowable bearing pressure for foundations with the standard penetration resistance?
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What type of retaining wall is constructed with plain concrete or stone masonry?
What type of retaining wall is constructed with plain concrete or stone masonry?
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Study Notes
Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering
- The method of slices is used to analyze the stability of a slope, dividing the sliding mass above the failure surface into a number of slices.
Methods of Slices
- A. Method of Slices
- B. Bishop's Simplified Method of Slices
- C. Sarma Method
- D. Lorimer's Method
Failure Circle
- The failure circle is used in the case of base failure.
Types of Failure
- A. Slope failure: occurs when the surface of sliding passes below the toe of the slope.
- B. Circular Failure
- C. Base Failure
- D. Critical Failure
Soil Equilibrium
- A. Plastic Equilibrium: a state where every point in a soil mass is on the verge of failure.
- B. Elastic Equilibrium
- C. Dynamic Equilibrium
- D. Static Equilibrium
Lateral Earth Pressure
- Lateral earth pressure is the pressure that soil exerts against a structure in a sideways, mainly horizontal direction.
- It is used in the design of ground engineering structures such as retaining walls, basements, tunnels, and deep foundations.
Active and Passive States
- A. Active State: the minimum lateral soil pressure that may be exerted.
- B. Passive State: the state occurs when a soil mass is allowed to relax or move outward to the point of reaching the limiting strength of the soil.
Foundations
- A. Spread Footing: a type of foundation that spreads the load of the structure over a large area of the soil.
- B. Mat Foundation: a combined footing that covers the entire area under a structure, supporting several columns and walls.
- C. Pile and Drilled Shaft Foundation
- D. Deep Foundation
Structural Members
- A. Footing: a structural member made of concrete, timber, or steel that transmits the load of the superstructure to the lower layers of the soil.
- B. Anchorage
- C. Pile
- D. Column
Bearing Capacity
- A. Rankine: the first to present a comprehensive theory for evaluating the ultimate bearing capacity of rough shallow foundations.
- B. Terzaghi
- C. Coulomb
- D. Meyerhof
Retaining Walls
- A. Plain Concrete or Stone Masonry Walls: constructed with plain concrete or stone masonry.
Coefficient of Friction
- The ratio between parallel forces divided by the normal forces (in banking of curves).
Time and Perception in Road Safety Design
- A. Perception Time: the time taken from the instant the object is visible to the driver to the instant he realizes that the vehicle needs to be stopped.
- B. Identification Time
- C. Emotion Time
- D. Volition Time
Flow and Density in Traffic
- A. Capacity: the number of vehicles per unit distance occupying a section of roadway at a given instant time.
- B. Volume
- C. Density
- D. Flow
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Test your knowledge of road safety and traffic engineering concepts, including stopping distances, passing sight distances, and more.
