Podcast
Questions and Answers
Each nucleotide is made up of a 5-carbon ______, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Each nucleotide is made up of a 5-carbon ______, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
sugar
RNA is generally ______-stranded.
RNA is generally ______-stranded.
single
RNA contains ______ in place of thymine.
RNA contains ______ in place of thymine.
uracil
The three main types of RNA are messenger RNA, ______ RNA, and transfer RNA.
The three main types of RNA are messenger RNA, ______ RNA, and transfer RNA.
Signup and view all the answers
The RNA molecules that carry copies of these instructions are known as ______ RNA (mRNA).
The RNA molecules that carry copies of these instructions are known as ______ RNA (mRNA).
Signup and view all the answers
Proteins are assembled on ______, shown in Figure 12-13.
Proteins are assembled on ______, shown in Figure 12-13.
Signup and view all the answers
The central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of information from the transcription of ______________ in the nucleus.
The central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of information from the transcription of ______________ in the nucleus.
Signup and view all the answers
The first step in decoding genetic messages is to copy part of the nucleotide sequence from DNA into ______________.
The first step in decoding genetic messages is to copy part of the nucleotide sequence from DNA into ______________.
Signup and view all the answers
RNA molecules contain coded information for making ______________.
RNA molecules contain coded information for making ______________.
Signup and view all the answers
______________ RNA is a type of RNA that contains coded information for making proteins.
______________ RNA is a type of RNA that contains coded information for making proteins.
Signup and view all the answers
The process of copying part of the nucleotide sequence from DNA into RNA is called ______________.
The process of copying part of the nucleotide sequence from DNA into RNA is called ______________.
Signup and view all the answers
The sequence of amino acids from a sequence of codons in RNA is predicted by applying the ______________ coding rules.
The sequence of amino acids from a sequence of codons in RNA is predicted by applying the ______________ coding rules.
Signup and view all the answers
Ribosomes are made up of several dozen ______, as well as a form of RNA known as ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Ribosomes are made up of several dozen ______, as well as a form of RNA known as ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Signup and view all the answers
During the construction of a protein, a third type of RNA molecule transfers each amino acid to the ______ as it is specified by coded messages in mRNA.
During the construction of a protein, a third type of RNA molecule transfers each amino acid to the ______ as it is specified by coded messages in mRNA.
Signup and view all the answers
Transcription requires an enzyme known as ______ polymerase that is similar to DNA polymerase.
Transcription requires an enzyme known as ______ polymerase that is similar to DNA polymerase.
Signup and view all the answers
[Blank] polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription.
[Blank] polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription.
Signup and view all the answers
The enzyme will bind only to regions of DNA known as ______, which have specific base sequences.
The enzyme will bind only to regions of DNA known as ______, which have specific base sequences.
Signup and view all the answers
Transcription requires a process called ______, which involves copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA.
Transcription requires a process called ______, which involves copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA.
Signup and view all the answers
Data from more than 73,000 electron micrographs, taken at ultra-cold temperatures to preserve ______ structure, were analyzed to produce the model.
Data from more than 73,000 electron micrographs, taken at ultra-cold temperatures to preserve ______ structure, were analyzed to produce the model.
Signup and view all the answers
During transcription, RNA polymerase uses one strand of ______ as a template to assemble nucleotides into a strand of RNA.
During transcription, RNA polymerase uses one strand of ______ as a template to assemble nucleotides into a strand of RNA.
Signup and view all the answers
Many RNA molecules have sections, called ______, edited out of them before they become functional.
Many RNA molecules have sections, called ______, edited out of them before they become functional.
Signup and view all the answers
The remaining pieces, called ______, are spliced together.
The remaining pieces, called ______, are spliced together.
Signup and view all the answers
Then, a ______ and tail are added to form the final RNA molecule.
Then, a ______ and tail are added to form the final RNA molecule.
Signup and view all the answers
The DNA sequences that code for proteins are called ______ because they are 'expressed' in the synthesis of proteins.
The DNA sequences that code for proteins are called ______ because they are 'expressed' in the synthesis of proteins.
Signup and view all the answers
Some RNA molecules may be cut and spliced in different ways in different ______, making it possible for a single gene to produce several different forms of RNA.
Some RNA molecules may be cut and spliced in different ways in different ______, making it possible for a single gene to produce several different forms of RNA.
Signup and view all the answers
The properties of ______ are determined by the order in which different amino acids are joined together to produce polypeptides.
The properties of ______ are determined by the order in which different amino acids are joined together to produce polypeptides.
Signup and view all the answers
The genetic code is read ______ letters at a time, so that each 'word' of the coded message is three bases long.
The genetic code is read ______ letters at a time, so that each 'word' of the coded message is three bases long.
Signup and view all the answers
Each three-letter 'word' in mRNA is known as a ______, as shown in Figure 12-16.
Each three-letter 'word' in mRNA is known as a ______, as shown in Figure 12-16.
Signup and view all the answers
The 'language' of mRNA instructions is called the ______ code.
The 'language' of mRNA instructions is called the ______ code.
Signup and view all the answers
RNA contains four different bases: A, U, C, and ______.
RNA contains four different bases: A, U, C, and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
