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Questions and Answers

À quel âge l'anorexie du nourrisson commence-t-elle généralement à apparaître ?

  • 9 à 12 mois
  • 3 à 4 mois
  • 5 à 8 mois (correct)
  • 1 à 2 ans

Qu'est-ce qui peut déclencher l'anorexie du nourrisson ?

  • Un voyage en voiture
  • Une maladie virale
  • Une exposition au froid
  • Un changement de régime alimentaire (correct)

Quel est l'un des symptômes associés à l'anorexie du nourrisson ?

  • Somnolence excessive
  • Refus total de nourriture (correct)
  • Augmentation de l'appétit
  • Hypersensibilité au bruit

Quels types d'anorexie existent chez le nourrisson ?

<p>Anorexie simple et sévère (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle condition peut accompagner l'anorexie grave chez le nourrisson ?

<p>Vomissements fréquents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Le Pica se caractérise par l'ingestion de quoi ?

<p>Substances non comestibles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est un facteur souvent associé au Pica chez les enfants ?

<p>Carence affective (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel type de comportement est souvent observé avec le Pica ?

<p>Incontinence et constipation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qu'est-ce qui définit le retard simple chez les enfants?

<p>Un retard dans les acquisitions posturales ou du tonus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est une caractéristique de la dyspraxie?

<p>Difficulté à coordonner des mouvements intentionnels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel type de consultant devrait être envisagé après l'élimination des causes organiques du retard simple?

<p>Un pédopsychiatre. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Comment se manifeste la dyspraxie chez un enfant?

<p>Par un échec dans la planification et l'exécution de gestes complexes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est la principale différence entre dyspraxie et retard psychomoteur?

<p>La dyspraxie implique un décalage entre l'acte voulu et l'acte réalisé. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quels sont des signes d’appel en maternelle indiquant une maladresse moteur ?

<p>Mal à l’aise avec le graphisme (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quels sont les facteurs à explorer dans le bilan de la dyspraxie?

<p>Aspects sensori-moteurs et neuro-visuels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelles difficultés scolaires peuvent être présentes chez un enfant avec des troubles moteurs ?

<p>Difficultés en arithmétique (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel pourcentage d'enfants est affecté par la dyspraxie selon les études?

<p>Entre 3 et 8%. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelles peuvent être les causes des difficultés observées chez un enfant dyspraxique?

<p>Troubles psychopathologiques et carences affectives. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quels troubles cognitifs peuvent apparaître chez un enfant présentant des maladresses motrices ?

<p>Problèmes pour le traitement des informations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parmi les solutions pour soutenir un enfant avec des difficultés motrices, laquelle est correcte ?

<p>Valoriser le projet de l’enfant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelles difficultés peuvent survenir lors de l'accès à l'écriture cursive chez les enfants ayant des troubles moteurs ?

<p>Accès difficile à la transcription (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel aspect est souvent compromis chez un enfant avec des troubles moteurs lors d'activités scolaires ?

<p>Coordination des actions multiples (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel problème comportemental est fréquemment associé à des troubles moteurs chez les enfants ?

<p>Difficultés comportementales et attentionnelles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est une des caractéristiques des gestes chez les enfants présentant des troubles moteurs ?

<p>Gestes fluctuants et non reproductibles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est le début typique des troubles d'instabilité motrice chez les enfants?

<p>Entre 5 et 6 ans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est le rapport typique entre garçons et filles souffrant d'instabilité motrice?

<p>5 garçons pour 1 fille (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quels sont les symptômes associés à l'instabilité motrice?

<p>Angoisse masquée par l’agitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est une des conséquences familiales fréquentes de l'instabilité motrice?

<p>Exaspération et dramatisation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelles méthodes sont employées pour établir le diagnostic d'instabilité motrice?

<p>Entretiens avec les parents et examens de l’enfant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel type de trouble peut être diagnostiqué si le tableau clinique est stable et invalidant dans le temps?

<p>TDAH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel comportement est typiquement observé chez un enfant hyperactif?

<p>Impulsivité et mouvements incessants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est l'un des effets scolaires de l'instabilité motrice?

<p>Retard voire échec scolaire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est un des critères diagnostiques pour identifier un trouble selon le DSM-5 ?

<p>Au moins 4 comportements colériques pendant 6 mois (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle conséquence est associée à la présence de comportements perturbateurs récurrents ?

<p>Répercussions négatives sur le fonctionnement social et adaptatif (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Comment se manifeste un comportement d'opposition chez l'enfant ?

<p>En contrecarrant les exigences imposées (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel type de sévérité indique des symptômes présents dans au moins 2 contextes ?

<p>Moyen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel trouble est fréquemment associé aux comportements perturbateurs chez les enfants ?

<p>Trouble déficit de l'attention/hyperactivité (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel comportement est le plus typique d'un enfant provoquant ?

<p>Tester les limites des adultes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est un des indicateurs de gravité des symptômes chez un enfant selon le DSM-5 ?

<p>Symptômes touchant plusieurs contextes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle attitude peut montrer un enfant qui est souvent fâché et plein de ressentiment ?

<p>Déplacement de la responsabilité sur autrui (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel modèle permet de comprendre les cercles d'influence sur le développement de l'enfant ?

<p>Modèle de Bronfenbrenner (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dans quelle phase de développement selon Piaget l'enfant commence-t-il à comprendre des notions abstraites ?

<p>Opérations formelles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel type d'attachement est caractérisé par un enfant qui signale constamment sa détresse ?

<p>Attachement insécure ambivalent/anxieux (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est un facteur de risque pour le développement de l'enfant ?

<p>Des violences au foyer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel auteur a principalement étudié le développement affectif de l'enfant ?

<p>Freud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel développement est affecté par les rythmes circadiens chez le nourrisson ?

<p>Développement du sommeil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel stade du développement selon Freud est associé au complexe d'Œdipe ?

<p>Stade phallique (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quelle est une caractéristique de l'insomnie sévère chez le nourrisson de forme agitée ?

<p>Bébé s'agite et crie pendant longtemps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dans le développement psychomoteur, quel élément est souvent déséquilibré ?

<p>Rythmes de développement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel type de condition peut contribuer à l'insomnie précoce du nourrisson ?

<p>Pathologie organique (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel est un élément essentiel du processus de développement selon Vygotsky ?

<p>Le soutien d'autrui (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel aspect est lié au mésosystème selon Bronfenbrenner ?

<p>Interactions entre les microsystèmes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel n'est pas un type d'attachement décrit par Bowlby et ses collègues ?

<p>Attachement persevérant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quel terme décrit les défis rencontrés par un enfant né prématurément ?

<p>Retards d'acquisition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anorexia of infancy

A refusal of food, sometimes total, occurring between 5 and 8 months of age. It can be a reaction to a change in diet (like introducing solids).

Anorexia of infancy, Simple

A temporary reaction to changes in feeding habits that resolves with adjustments to parental feeding practices.

Anorexia of infancy, Severe

A persistent refusal of food associated with other difficulties like sleep problems, tantrums, and selective eating.

Pica

Eating non-food items (e.g., dirt, pebbles) past the usual developmental stage.

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Pica - affected age

A feeding behavior of ingestion of non-edible items occurring beyond the normal period of developmental age, approximately 4-10 months.

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Pica - associated conditions

Pica may be linked to emotional deprivation, autism spectrum disorder, and digestive problems.

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Infancy Anorexia - Symptoms

Refusal of food, potentially total, sometimes progressing gradually and accompanied by anxious reactions in parents to the child’s feeding behaviors.

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Infant Anorexia - Liquid preference

The child may show a preference for liquids over solids, compensating for the food refusal and hindering weight gain.

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Neurotic Organizations

Patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that indicate a maladaptive and potentially problematic response to developmental challenges. Associated with mental distress.

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Infant Depressions

Mood disorders in babies, often manifested by sadness, withdrawal, or loss of interest in usual activities.

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Developmental Disabilities

Conditions affecting mental abilities, learning, or physical development that cause limitations. Includes cognitive delays, dementia, etc.

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Attachment Theory

A theory that emphasizes the importance of early relationships in shaping personality and mental health.

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Microsystem (Bronfenbrenner)

The closest level of influence on a child's development, encompassing immediate relationships like family and caregivers.

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Mesosystem (Bronfenbrenner)

Interrelationships between microsystems. Interactions/cooperation among microsystems.

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Exosystem (Bronfenbrenner)

Indirect influences on a child's development, such as parents' workplaces or community resources.

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Macrosystem (Bronfenbrenner)

Broad cultural values and societal structures impacting child development (laws, education, etc).

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Chronosystem (Bronfenbrenner)

Changes in a child's life over time, including major life events and historical contexts.

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Piaget's Stages

Four stages describing cognitive development in children, progressing from sensory experience to abstract thought.

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Freud's Stages

Stages of psychosexual development, focusing on how various erogenous zones influence personality and behavior.

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Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development

The gap between a child's current abilities and their potential abilities with guidance from a more knowledgeable other.

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Attachment Theory (Bowlby/Ainsworth)

A theory emphasizing the importance of early relationships between caregivers and children for emotional development.

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Infant Sleep Disturbances

Problems with infant sleep, potentially related to developmental issues, medical conditions, or environmental factors, which are not always easily identifiable.

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Insomnia in Infants

Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, which can be caused by various factors like medical problems or unsuitable sleeping environments.

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Developmental Milestones

Significant events or skills that are expected to develop within a particular age range.

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Simple Developmental Delay

A delay in achieving motor milestones or muscle tone development; possible underlying somatic reasons (needs specialist neuro-pediatric evaluation).

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Dyspraxia

A learning difficulty in planning and coordinating purposeful movements; actions seem clumsy, and there's a mismatch between intended actions and actual performance.

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Motor Skills

The coordination and control of body movements. These include fine motor skills (using fingers for tasks) and gross motor skills (using larger muscle groups like walking).

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Developmental Delay (vs Dyspraxia)

A delay in achieving developmental milestones related to movement but not specifically to planning and executing actions.

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Psychomotor Skills

A combination of cognitive and motor skills, often used to assess or measure brain development.

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Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Conditions that affect brain development and result in various learning or behavioral challenges. This includes disorders like dyspraxia.

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Diagnostic Process

A systematic process of evaluating a child to determine if they have developmental disorder, checking for medical causes. If none are found, a psychopathology consult may be necessary.

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Frequency of Dyspraxia

Dyspraxia is a common developmental disorder, comparable in frequency to dyslexia, but less commonly recognized.

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Motor Instability

A common reason for seeing a child psychiatrist, involving excessive movement and difficulty staying focused, often starting between ages 5 and 6.

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Motor vs. Attentional Instability

Motor instability is excess movement, while attentional instability is difficulty focusing. They often go hand-in-hand in childhood.

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Diagnostic Tools

Assessment of motor instability includes parent interviews, child exams (psychomotor, psychological, speech therapy), and Conners scales for parents and teachers.

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Associated Symptoms

Anxiety, aggression, defiance, mood swings, language delays, relationship problems, and learning difficulties are often part of the spectrum.

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Family and School Impact

Family dynamic disruption and poor school performance (e.g., repeated disciplinary problems) often follow motor instability.

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Diagnosis of ADHD

Diagnosis is made based on consistent, significant motor instability (and related issues) for a period of time, as indicated with Conners scales and evaluations.

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Ineffective Responses

Punishments and reprimands often do not help children with motor instability

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Child-Parent Dynamics

Observation of parent-child interactions is pivotal in developing a full understanding of the difficulties, as family dynamics tend to exacerbate challenges

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Delayed motor skills

Slow or clumsy movements, inconsistent performance of actions, and difficulty automating actions.

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Fluctuating performance

Occasional success not consistently repeatable, or frequent failures in achieving tasks.

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Learning difficulties

Challenges in acquiring various subjects like reading, writing, math, and geometry.

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Early signs (preschool)

Noticeable clumsiness in daily tasks, difficulties with motor skills, and potential behavioral issues.

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Late diagnosis (elementary)

Difficulties with writing, reading comprehension, and organizing work during elementary school.

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Spatial awareness issues

Difficulties in understanding and navigating space.

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Attention and behavioral issues

Challenges with focusing, staying on task, following instructions, and potential behavioral problems that interfere with learning.

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Supporting learning

Strategies to aid children's learning by focusing on strengths, understanding their difficulty, and promoting improvement, encouraging effort.

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DSM-5 Oppositional Defiant Disorder Criteria

Diagnosis requires at least four oppositional/defiant behaviors (angry, defiant, vindictive) lasting for six months or more, and behaviors exceeding typical developmental expectations. Symptoms must significantly impact the child's social, school, or adaptive functioning.

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Oppositional behaviors

Behaviors showing a child's active resistance to rules and expectations; often refusing to comply, arguing, and testing limits.

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Provocative behaviors

Behaviors aimed at annoying or upsetting others, deliberately causing problems, and often taking responsibility for others' actions.

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Severity of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

The intensity of symptoms is categorized as mild (1 context), moderate (2 contexts), or severe (3+ contexts).

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Associated disorders (ODD)

ADHD (30-60% co-occurrence), substance abuse (possible early use), and mood/anxiety disorders are commonly linked with ODD.

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Mild ODD

Oppositional behaviors are restricted to a single context (e.g., home, school).

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Moderate ODD

Oppositional behaviors are present in at least two contexts (e.g., home and school).

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Severe ODD

Oppositional behaviors are present in at least three contexts (e.g., home, school, and with peers).

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Psychopathologie - CM1 PDF

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