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Questions and Answers

What is the total interest amount calculated in this payment structure?

  • Rs. 2,200 (correct)
  • Rs. 6,910
  • Rs. 1,090
  • Rs. 8,000

How much is the down payment in this financial arrangement?

  • Rs. 6,910
  • Rs. 29,800
  • Rs. 8,000 (correct)
  • Rs. 21,800

What does the term 'Instalment amount' refer to in this context?

  • The total cash price minus the down payment
  • The total cash price after adding interest
  • The final payment after all instalments are paid
  • The fixed payment made over a specified number of years (correct)

What is the total amount payable calculated in this payment scheme?

<p>Rs. 32,000 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the first instalment payment calculated?

<p>6,910.00 + interest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the total cash price is Rs. 29,800, what is the remainder amount after the down payment and first instalment?

<p>Rs. 14,890 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of the statement 'The total payable amount is more than the total cash price payable'?

<p>Interest is included in the total payable amount (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instalment payment corresponds to the second payment period?

<p>Rs. 7,255.50 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of preparing departmental accounts?

<p>To find out the profit or loss of each department (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of preparing departmental accounts?

<p>To maximize departmental employee salaries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Departmental accounts are particularly useful for which type of business?

<p>Large businesses with multiple departments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By preparing departmental accounts, a business can measure profitability for which of the following?

<p>Each department individually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the preparation of departmental accounts assist managers?

<p>By providing data for commission based on departmental profits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of departmental accounts allows for comparative analysis?

<p>Comparing trading activities between different departments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a reason for discontinuing a department based on departmental accounts?

<p>Consistent operational losses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is essential for comparing departmental performance over time?

<p>Comparative results with previous years' accounts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for forming a partnership?

<p>To increase capital and improve decision-making (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Act regulates partnerships in India?

<p>Indian Partnership Act, 1932 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Indian Partnership Act, how many partners are required to start a partnership?

<p>At least two partners (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of partners actively participates in the business?

<p>Active partner (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of partners allowed in a partnership for regular business?

<p>20 partners (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the relationship in a partnership?

<p>Shared profits from business operations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of partner does not actively participate in the business operations?

<p>Sleeping partner (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ownership of goods in an instalment purchase system?

<p>Ownership is transferred to the buyer immediately upon signing the agreement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential characteristic of a partnership agreement?

<p>It must aim for profit-sharing among partners (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the relationship between parties differ in an instalment purchase compared to a hire purchase system?

<p>In hire purchase, the relationship is of hirer and hire vendor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can a seller do in the case of default in an instalment purchase system?

<p>File a lawsuit to recover the unpaid amount. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately represents the nature of the agreement in an instalment purchase system?

<p>It is an agreement of sale from the beginning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship exists between the parties in an instalment purchase system until the last instalment is paid?

<p>Debtor and creditor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference in the treatment of unpaid balances between the instalment system and hire purchase system?

<p>Unpaid balances in both systems can lead to legal actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true regarding the repossession of goods in the context of the instalment purchase system?

<p>The seller has no right to repossess goods due to non-payment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is interest on unpaid balance determined in an instalment purchase?

<p>Interest is fixed at the signing of the agreement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much goodwill is recognized for the new firm?

<p>Rs. 10,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage reduction applied to stock?

<p>10% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What amount is credited to the revaluation account from establishing a reserve for doubtful debts?

<p>Rs. 800 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appreciated value of buildings after the 20% increase?

<p>Rs. 30,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total liability amount after admitting Z into the partnership?

<p>Rs. 87,500 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fraction of profit share does Z acquire by investing Rs. 10,000?

<p>1/5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much is credited to X’s Capital Account after revaluation?

<p>Rs. 1,575 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What amount is deducted from the furniture in the revaluation account?

<p>Rs. 100 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in case of default by the hirer?

<p>The seller can legally recover the dues. (A), The seller can repossess the goods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hire purchase and instalment purchase is NOT true?

<p>Instalment purchase agreements can be terminated. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the case of hire purchase, what does the instalment consist of?

<p>Capital part plus interest on the outstanding capital. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first journal entry in the buyer's books when goods are purchased?

<p>Debit to Asset A/c and Interest Suspense A/c. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct action when the interest is due for the year in the buyer's accounts?

<p>Debit to Interest A/c. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the labour of depreciation indicate in the buyer's accounting?

<p>Decrease in the book value of the asset. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accounts is credited when depreciation and interest are transferred to the Profit and Loss Account?

<p>Interest A/c. (C), Depreciation A/c. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under which Act does the hire purchase system operate?

<p>Hire Purchase Act of 1972. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cash Price

The original price of an item without any interest or financing charges.

Down Payment

A portion of the total cost paid upfront to reduce the loan amount.

Instalment Amount

The amount paid in regular intervals over a period of time, usually for a loan or purchase.

Interest

The extra amount charged for borrowing money or financing a purchase.

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Total Payable Amount

The sum of the cash price and the total interest charged over the period of installments.

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Calculation of Interest

Determining the total interest charged by subtracting the cash price from the total payable amount.

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Instalment Paid for 3 Years

The total amount paid over the duration of installments for a 3-year period

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Finding Cash Price

Calculated by subtracting the interest from the total amount payable.

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Hire Purchase

A system where ownership of goods remains with the seller until the buyer pays the full amount.

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Instalment Purchase

A system where ownership of goods is transferred to the buyer immediately upon signing the agreement.

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Ownership Transfer (Hire Purchase)

Ownership is retained by the seller until the buyer fulfills the payment.

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Ownership Transfer (Instalment)

Ownership immediately passes to the buyer.

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Defaulting on Instalment Payments

Failure by the buyer to make the scheduled payments of the installment system.

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Seller's Remedies (Instalment)

Seller can pursue legal action to reclaim unpaid amounts, but they cannot repossess the goods.

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Hire Purchase vs. Instalment Purchase

These purchase methods differ in buyer ownership of the product during payment.

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Agreement Type (Instalment)

Agreement of sale.

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Hire Purchase

A payment system where ownership of goods remains with the seller until the buyer completes payments.

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Instalment Purchase

A payment system where ownership of goods transfers to the buyer immediately upon agreement.

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Hirer's Right (Hire Purchase)

The hirer (buyer) has the right to sell or exchange the goods before ownership transfer.

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Buyer's Right (Instalment)

The buyer has rights to sell or exchange, but the seller can legally reclaim the payment when in arrears.

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Default (Hire Purchase)

Failure of the hirer to make agreed-upon payments in a hire purchase arrangement.

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Default (Instalment Purchase)

Failure of the buyer to make agreed-upon payments in an installment purchase arrangement.

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Agreement Termination (Hire Purchase)

Both parties can end the agreement and return the goods in a hire purchase transaction according to the conditions.

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Agreement Termination (Instalment Purchase)

The agreement cannot be terminated unilaterally in an installment purchase unless otherwise specified during the agreement.

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Departmental Accounts

Accounts prepared for individual departments within a large business to determine their profitability and efficiency.

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Purpose of Departmental Accounts

Determining profit/loss per department, assessing department efficiency, creating new policies, identifying unprofitable departments, increasing overall business profits, measuring departmental profitability, comparing departmental results, allowing manager commissions based on profits.

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Departmental Business

A business with multiple departments under one management.

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Trading Profit/Loss Account

A report used to compare the trading activities of each department.

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Department

A section of a large business.

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Large Business Example

Insurance Companies are a good example where these accounts are applicable.

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Departmental Performance

The profit or loss and efficiency of a specific department.

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Profit/Loss of department

The difference between the revenue and expenses generated by a particular department.

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Partnership

A business relationship where two or more individuals agree to share profits in accordance with a set agreement.

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Indian Partnership Act

The law governing partnerships in India.

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Essential of Partnership (agreement)

A partnership results from an agreement between parties, which could be expressed or implied, to share profits from a business venture.

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Active Partner

A partner who actively participates in the business's daily operations.

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Sleeping Partner

A partner not actively involved in the business's daily operations.

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Mutual Agency

Partners are both agents and principals to each other.

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Minimum partners

A partnership needs at least two people to operate, though banking partnerships have a maximum limit.

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Partnership Firm Name

The formal name under which a partnership business operates.

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Revaluation Account

A temporary account used to record adjustments during the admission of a new partner, like changes in asset values or goodwill.

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New Partner Admission

When a new partner joins an existing firm, often with specific capital contributions and profit sharing arrangements.

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Goodwill

The value attributed to the reputation and established relationships of an existing business.

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Capital Account

Records the initial investment and subsequent changes in a partner's stake in the firm.

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Stock Reduction

Decreasing the value of stock by a specified percentage.

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Furniture Reduction

A decrease in the value of furniture.

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Reserve for Doubtful Debts

A provision for potential bad debts for customers who can't pay.

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Building Appreciation

Increase in the value of a building.

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Study Notes

Academic Year 2023-24, Semester II, Study Material for B.Com, Financial Accounting -II

  • The study material is for students pursuing B.Com.
  • The course is Financial Accounting -II
  • The academic year is 2023-24
  • The semester is II
  • The material was prepared by the Commerce Department.

Index

  • Hire Purchase Accounting (pages 3-14)
  • Branch Accounting (pages 15-22)
  • Partnership Accounting I (pages 23-36)
  • Partnership Accounting II (pages 37-54)
  • Accounting Standards (pages 55-63)

Unit I: Hire Purchase and Installment System

  • Hire purchase and installment systems are special systems that make durable goods accessible to a wider range of people.
  • Goods are delivered immediately, but ownership passes only after the final installment is paid (and agreement terms are met)
  • Hire purchase agreement specifies details like payment periods and interest rates for deferred payments.
  • Cash price is the price for immediate payment
  • Hire purchase price includes cash price plus interest.
  • Hire vendor is the seller of the goods, and hirer is the buyer

Unit II: Branch Accounting

  • Branch accounting involves maintaining separate accounts for each branch.
  • Dependent branches don't have separate accounts; the head office manages all accounts.
  • Independent branches maintain separate accounts for their profits and losses.
  • Branch accounting helps track each branch's performance and assess individual branch's profitability and cash/inventory position.
  • There are advantages and disadvantages:
    • Advantages: accurate profit/loss analysis for each branch, easier progress tracking, performance evaluation.
    • Disadvantages: more workload and personnel for branch management are needed.

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