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Questions and Answers
What prompted Rizal to leave Madrid?
What was the name of the newspaper that Wenceslao Retana worked for?
Which city did Rizal go to for the cheaper cost of printing?
Who helped Rizal with the printing of El Filibusterismo after he ran out of funds?
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What was Rizal's relationship with Nellie Boustead?
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When did Rizal complete the manuscript for El Filibusterismo?
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What did Rizal begin writing after leaving Europe for Hong Kong?
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Who was Rizal's roommate in Ghent?
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What was the name of the association organized by Rizal to recognize Filipino skills?
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Who did Rizal have a transitory affair with while in Belgium?
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What pen names did Rizal use while contributing to La Solidaridad?
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In which city did Rizal visit the Eiffel Tower?
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What was Rizal's purpose for traveling to Madrid in 1890?
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What significant event did Rizal witness in Paris?
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Who did Rizal counsel while in Madrid regarding education?
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What happened to Rizal's family while he was in Madrid?
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In which city did Rizal stay at the Spanish legation upon his arrival in Japan?
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Who became Rizal's tour guide and sweetheart in Japan?
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What did Rizal observe about the Statue of Liberty upon seeing it?
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What rare book did Rizal manually copy and annotate in London?
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How long was the quarantine the passengers faced on the ship to San Francisco?
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What characterized the marathon lauriat party that Rizal experienced in Macao?
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Who invited Rizal to stay in the Spanish legation in Tokyo?
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What did Dr. Reinhold Rost describe Rizal as?
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What event took place during the Yule season of 1891?
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Which successful medical operation did Rizal perform for his mother?
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When did Rizal leave Hong Kong for the second time?
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What was the purpose of Rizal's letter to Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol in March 1892?
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What did the Spanish consul in Hong Kong inform Despujol about Rizal?
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What was the result of Rizal's colonization project proposal?
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During his journey in June 1892, where did Rizal spend a night?
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Which of Rizal's requests was granted during his meetings with Despujol?
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What was the primary aim of the Propaganda Movement?
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Which publication was considered the principal outlet for the Propaganda Movement?
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Who was NOT mentioned as a member of the Propaganda Movement?
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What did the Propaganda Movement advocate concerning education?
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What characterizes the term 'assimilationist' in the context of the Propaganda Movement?
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Which of the following was NOT a goal of the Propaganda Movement?
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In which year did Rizal leave London for Paris?
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Who was Marcelo H. Del Pilar?
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Study Notes
Rizal's Second Travel Abroad
- Rizal's second journey took him to Hong Kong, Japan, the United States, Great Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain.
- He embarked on this trip on February 3, 1888, sailing from Manila to Hong Kong aboard the “Zafiro.”
- In Hong Kong, he experienced the festive atmosphere of the Chinese New Year.
- He then traveled to Japan, arriving in Yokohama on February 28, 1888 and proceeding to Tokyo the following day.
- Seiko Usui, also known as "O-Sei-San," became a significant figure in his Japanese journey, serving as his tour guide and romantic interest.
- Rizal left Japan on April 13, 1888, aboard the “Belgic”, befriending Tetcho Suehiro, a Japanese novelist and human rights activist exiled by his government.
- His ship arrived in San Francisco on April 28, 1888, but the passengers were quarantined for a week due to a suspected cholera outbreak in the Far East.
- On May 6, 1888, Rizal traveled by train to Oakland and arrived in New York on May 13. He observed the Statue of Liberty, symbolizing freedom and democracy, but also noted racial inequality, concluding that true freedom was reserved for white people.
- He then sailed for Liverpool on May 16, 1888, aboard the “City of Rome,” arriving on May 24.
- On May 25, he reached London and temporarily stayed at Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor's house.
- He later boarded at the Beckett residence, where he was warmly cared for by his landlord's daughter, Gertrude.
- In June 1888, Rizal befriended Dr. Reinhold Rost and his family. Dr. Rost, an expert in Malayan languages, possessed a substantial collection of Filipiniana materials, and described Rizal as "a pearl of a man."
- While in London, Rizal manually copied and annotated Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a rare book found in the British Museum. He also became the honorary president of the patriotic society "Asociacion La Solidaridad" and contributed articles to its publication, "La Solidaridad."
- In London, Rizal met Marcelo H. Del Pilar for the first time. Del Pilar was a prominent figure in the Propaganda Movement, alongside Graciano Lopez Jaena, Mariano Ponce, and Rizal.
- The Propaganda Movement, a patriotic organization founded by Filipinos living in Europe in 1872, aimed to address the Philippines' needs and advocate for reforms.
- The movement emphasized:
- Recognition of the Philippines as a province of Spain with representation in the Spanish Cortes.
- Secularization of Philippine parishes and clergy.
- Equality between Spaniards and Filipinos, particularly in government service.
- Establishment of government-funded schools independent of the friars.
- Abolition of the "polo" (forced labor) and "Vandala" (forced sale of local products to the government).
- Human rights and freedoms, including speech and association.
- The Propaganda Movement was characterized as assimilationist, advocating for the integration of the Philippines as a Spanish province.
- In March 1889, Rizal left London for Paris, initially residing at Valentin Ventura's house.
- He later moved to a smaller room with two Filipino roommates: Jose Albert, a student from Manila, and Capitan Justo Trinidad, a former gobernadorcillo of Sta. Ana, Manila, seeking refuge from Spanish oppression.
- While in Paris, Rizal frequented the Bibliotheque Nationale, completing his annotation of Sucesos and publishing it.
- He also spent time with friends like Juan Luna and his wife, Paz Pardo de Tavera, and witnessed the Universal Exposition of Paris, featuring the Eiffel Tower.
- He organized the "Indios Bravos" association, aiming to recognize Filipinos for their abilities, and the "Redencion de los Malayos," dedicated to promoting knowledge.
- On January 28, 1890, Rizal traveled to Brussels with Jose Albert, staying in a boarding house run by the Jacoby sisters.
- He had a brief relationship with their niece, Suzanne "Petite."
- He continued writing El Fili and contributing to La Solidaridad under the pen names Dimas Alang and Laong Laan.
- News about the worsening Calamba agrarian trouble reached Rizal, prompting him to consider returning home.
- Paciano, through letters, informed him about the loss of the court case against the Dominicans and advised him to bring the case to Madrid.
- Rizal decided to go to Madrid to seek legal representation and influential figures to defend the Calamba tenants.
- In August 1890, he arrived in Madrid with his lawyer, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, who tried to secure justice for his family but failed to find any influential Spaniards willing to help.
- While in Madrid, Rizal met Filipino student Edilberto Evangelista, whom he encouraged to pursue engineering in Belgium.
- Evangelista later graduated with honors in civil engineering and architecture from the University of Ghent, turning down rewarding positions from European companies to serve his country.
- Rizal faced challenges and tribulations in Madrid, such as hearing about his family's forced eviction from their land in Calamba and some family members being deported.
- He challenged Antonio Luna to a duel because of Luna's negative comments about Nellie Boustead, but the duel was aborted.
- He also challenged Wenceslao Retana, who was the writer for the anti-Filipino newspaper La Epoca, to a duel after Retana wrote that Rizal's family was not paying their land rent. The duel was also aborted, and Retana eventually became Rizal's first non-Filipino biographer.
- Rizal received news about Leonor Rivera's marriage to Englishman Henry Kipping, a match chosen by Leonor's mother.
- A rivalry for leadership between Del Pilar and Rizal emerged within the "Asociacion Hispano Filipino," leading to a split among Filipinos in Madrid.
- Rizal left Madrid to prevent further division among Filipinos.
- In February 1891, Rizal arrived in Biarritz, a tourist town in southwestern France, known for its mild climate and beaches. He was welcomed into the Boustead family's home, renewing his connection with Nellie Boustead.
- Rizal continued working on El Filibusterismo, completing the manuscript on March 29, 1891, the eve of his departure to Paris.
- He briefly stayed in Paris with Valentin Ventura.
- In April 1891, Rizal arrived in Brussels, welcomed by Suzanne "Petite" Jacobes. He revised and prepared El Filibusterismo for printing until the end of May.
- In June, he started searching for a printing firm for El Filibusterismo.
- In July 1891, Rizal traveled to Ghent, where printing costs were cheaper. He lived in a low-cost boarding house with Jose Alejandro, an engineering student at the University of Ghent.
- F. Meyer-Van Loo Press agreed to print El Filibusterismo on an installment basis.
- He pawned his jewels and lived frugally, but still ran out of funds.
- On August 6, 1891, printing of El Filibusterismo was suspended. However, through Valentin Ventura's help, the printing finally resumed, and El Filibusterismo was published on September 18, 1891.
- Two weeks later, Rizal visited Paris for the last time to say goodbye to his friends and compatriots.
- In October 1891, Rizal left Europe for Hong Kong aboard the “Melbourne,” where he began writing his third and unfinished novel.
- On November 20, 1891, he arrived in Hong Kong and resided at No. 5 D Aguilar St., Rednaxela Terrace.
- His family, including Don Francisco, Paciano, Silvestre Ubaldo, Dona Teodora, and his sisters Lucia, Josefa, and Trinidad, joined him in Hong Kong, escaping the friars' prosecution.
- The Rizal family had a reunion during the Christmas season of 1891.
- Rizal opened a medical clinic in Hong Kong with the help of his Portuguese friend, Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques, and successfully operated on his mother's eye, restoring her sight.
- In March 1892, Rizal traveled to Sandakan (East Malaysia) aboard the “Menon” to negotiate with British authorities about establishing a Filipino colony in North Borneo.
- On March 21, he wrote a letter to Governor General Eulogio Despujol requesting permission for landless Filipinos, especially deported Calamba tenants, to settle in North Borneo.
- Rizal returned to Hong Kong in April 1892.
- On June 21, 1892, Rizal departed Hong Kong with his sister Lucia to discuss his North Borneo colonization project with Despujol in Manila.
- The Spanish consul in Hong Kong sent a cablegram to Despujol stating that “the rat is in the trap,” secretly initiating a case against Rizal in Manila for anti-religious and anti-patriotic activities.
- On June 26, 1892, Rizal and Lucia arrived in Manila.
- That evening, Rizal met with Despujol in Malacañang, gaining a pardon for his father but being instructed to return on June 29.
- Rizal visited his sisters and friends in Manila.
- On June 27, he traveled to Central Luzon by train, visiting friends and stopping at the Bautista Mansion in Malolos, Bulacan, as well as spending a night at Evaristo Puno's house in Tarlac and visiting San Fernando and Bacolor, Pampanga.
- He returned to Manila on June 28.
- On June 29, 30, and July 3, he had further interviews with Despujol. His colonization project was rejected, but his request to lift the exile on his sisters was granted.
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Description
Explore the details of Jose Rizal's second journey abroad, including his visits to Hong Kong, Japan, and the United States. This quiz covers significant events, notable figures, and the cultural experiences Rizal encountered during his travels. Test your knowledge about this pivotal chapter in Rizal's life.
