33 Questions
What was the primary reason for Rizal's financial struggles in Calamba?
Delays in receiving his monthly allowances
What was the occasion for Rizal's speech on June 25, 1884?
A celebration of Filipino artists' double victory
What was the significance of Rizal's book of expenses?
It detailed every single peseta he spent
What was the name of the two Filipino artists celebrated by Rizal in his speech?
Juan Luna and Felix Hidalgo
What was the consequence of Dr.'s speech that led to student demonstrations?
The Catholic Bishops condemned the speech
What was the currency Rizal used to detail his expenses?
Peseta
What was one of the reasons why Rizal returned to the Philippines in 1887?
To serve his people who had long been oppressed by Spanish tyrants
What was the occupation that Rizal established during his stay in Calamba?
Doctor
Who requested Rizal's presence at the Malacañang Palace?
Gov. General Emilio Terrero
What was the reaction of the UST faculty members towards Rizal's novel?
They deemed it 'heretical, impious, scandalous, and subversive'
What was the purpose of Spanish Lieutenant Don Jose Traviel de Andrade's assignment?
To serve as a bodyguard for Rizal
What was Rizal's response to Gov. General Emilio Terrero's inquiry about his novel?
He stated that he merely exposed the truth
What was one of the reasons Rizal chose to stay in London?
To improve his knowledge of the English language
Where did Rizal initially stay in London?
The house of Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor
What was Rizal's experience with the Spanish authorities in London?
He received threats and was attacked by Spanish senators
What did Rizal's friend in UST face as a consequence of having copies of Noli?
He was arrested and jailed
What was Dr. Reinhold Rost's opinion of Rizal?
He called Rizal 'a pearl of a man'
What was the consequence of Manuel Hidalgo's exile to Bohol?
He was denied due process
Why did Rizal leave Calamba?
Due to his presence jeopardizing the safety and happiness of his family and friends
What issue did Rizal find in the hacienda management?
High rates of interest were charged to tenants for delayed payment of rentals
Where did Rizal stay in Hong Kong?
At the Victoria Hotel
Who shadowed Rizal's movements in Hong Kong?
Jose Sainz de Varanda
What did Rizal study in Japan?
The Japanese language, Japanese drama, art, and judo
Who did Rizal fall in love with in Japan?
O-Sei-San, a samurai's daughter
What was Rizal's mode of transportation that he disliked?
Rickshaw drawn by men
Who did Rizal befriend on the steamer Belgic?
A Japanese journalist and novelist
Why was the steamer Belgic placed under quarantine?
Due to cholera epidemic in the far east
What was Rizal's experience upon arrival in the United States?
He was discriminated against due to racial prejudice
What was the main motivation behind Rizal's annotation of Morga's book?
To demonstrate the best written history published during the Spanish regime
What event led to Rizal's friend being arrested and jailed in the Philippines?
Copies of Noli were found in his house
Why was Rizal's brother-in-law, Manuel Hidalgo, exiled to Bohol?
Without due process
What was Rizal's purpose during his short visit to Paris and Spain?
To search for more historical materials and to survey the political situation
What was the context of the persecution of the Calamba tenants?
Their rent disputes with the Spanish friars
Study Notes
Rizal's Journey Abroad
- Rizal chose London for three reasons: to improve his English language skills, to study and annotate Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, and because London was a safe place to continue his fight against Spanish tyranny.
Rizal in London (March 1888 to May 1889)
- Rizal stayed in London from March 1888 to May 1889, initially staying at the house of Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor, a practicing lawyer in London, before moving to a boarding house of the Beckett family due to its convenient location.
- Rizal was acquainted with Dr. Reinhold Rost, the librarian at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, who called Rizal "a pearl of a man."
News from the Philippines
- Rizal received bad news from the Philippines, including the persecution of Filipino patriots who signed the anti-friar petition of 1888, the persecution of Calamba tenants, and furious attacks on Rizal by Spanish senators.
- Rizal's brother-in-law, Manuel Hidalgo, was exiled to Bohol without due process, and a friend of Rizal's in UST was arrested and jailed for possessing copies of Noli.
Financial Worries
- Rizal faced financial difficulties, resulting in delayed monthly allowances from Calamba, and he had to rely on friends for financial support.
- Rizal kept a book of his expenses, which is currently preserved at the Newberry Library in Chicago.
Salute to Luna and Hidalgo
- Rizal attended a banquet on June 25, 1884, celebrating the double victory of Filipino artists Juan Luna and Felix Hidalgo.
- Rizal delivered a magnificent speech honoring the two Filipinos, saying "genius knows no country, genius sprouts everywhere, genius is like light, air, the patrimony of everybody, cosmopolitan like space, like life, like God."
Rizal's First Homecoming (1887-1888)
- Rizal returned to Manila on August 5, 1887, and stayed in the city for a short time before returning to Calamba.
- During his six-month stay in Calamba, Rizal failed to meet Leonor Rivera, and Gov. Gen. Emilio Terrero requested Rizal to come to the Malacañang Palace to inquire about the subversive ideas in his novel.
- Faculty members of UST stated that the Noli was "heretical, impious, scandalous in the religious order, and anti-patriotic, subversive of public order, injurious to the government of Spain."
Agrarian Trouble in Calamba
- Rizal found that the hacienda owner never contributed to the town fiesta, education of children, or agriculture, and that tenants were dispossessed of lands for flimsy reasons.
- Rizal discovered high rates of interest were charged to tenants for delayed payment of rentals, and when rentals couldn't be paid, the hacienda management confiscated their carabaos, tools, and homes.
Farewell to Calamba
- Rizal was compelled to leave Calamba due to threats to his family's safety and his own.
- Rizal believed he could fight better for his country's cause by writing in foreign countries.
In Hong Kong and Macao (1888)
- Rizal left Hong Kong on February 3, 1888, and stayed at the Victoria Hotel, where he was welcomed by Filipino residents.
- Rizal was shadowed by a Spaniard, Jose Sainz de Varanda, in Hong Kong.
- Rizal visited Macao, where he stayed at the home of Don Juan Francisco Lecaros and saw the famous Grotto of Cameons, Portugal's national poet.
Romantic Interlude in Japan
- Rizal fell in love with Seiko Usui, whom he affectionately called O-Sei-San.
- Rizal stayed in Tokyo, where he was visited by Juan Perez Caballero, secretary of the Spanish Legation.
- Rizal was impressed by Japan's beauty, cleanliness, politeness, industry, and simplicity, but disliked the mode of transportation by means of rickshaw drawn by men.
Voyage Across the Pacific
- Rizal boarded the steamer Belgic on his trans-Pacific voyage to the United States.
- Rizal befriended a Japanese passenger named Tetcho Suehiro, a journalist, novelist, and champion of human rights.
- Tetcho published his travel diary, which contained his impressions of Rizal.
Rizal's Visit to the United States
- Rizal's arrival in the United States was marred by racial prejudice, as the steamer Belgic was placed under quarantine due to concerns of a cholera epidemic in the far east.
Learn about Jose Rizal's financial difficulties while studying in Madrid and how his friends helped him survive. Discover the struggles he faced with late allowances and debts.
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