18 Questions
What action did Blanco take on Dec. 02, 1896, regarding the case against Rizal?
Endorsed the case to a special judge
Who was appointed as the prosecutor in Rizal's case on Dec. 08, 1896?
Enrique de Alcocer
What was included in Peña's Dictamen regarding Rizal's trial?
Rizal should be kept in prison and brought to trial
Why did Alcocer address the judges with exaggerated statements?
To conceal his empty logic
How did Alcocer open the trial against Rizal?
By mentioning Spanish education of Rizal and his activities abroad
What action was taken by Rafael Dominguez on December 12, 1896, in relation to Rizal's case?
Declared the case ready for trial
What was Rizal accused of by Alcocer?
Being an agitator with strong anti-Spanish sentiments
What punishment did Alcocer demand for Rizal?
Death penalty and permanent loss of civil rights
According to Taviel de Andrade, why was Rizal not guilty of the accusations?
Because his writings were misunderstood by the prosecutor
Why did Taviel de Andrade claim that the witnesses presented by the prosecution were biased?
They were actually coaccused on the same case
What did Taviel de Andrade emphasize about the incidents presented by the prosecutor?
They occurred several years before the rebellion broke out
What was one of the demands made by Alcocer for Rizal's defense?
$20,000 indemnity
What did Taviel de Andrade argue about the statutes of the organization Rizal wrote?
They did not exhibit any signs of illegality.
Why did Rizal question whether he could have organized a rebellion in a single night during the Liga meeting?
Because the discussion at the meeting was about commerce and similar topics.
What happened to Rizal's family and properties when he wrote his defense arguments?
They were deported.
According to Rizal, what would his guards have allowed him to do if he had known and favored the rebellion?
Go on week-long trips.
What was one of Rizal's defenses regarding the letters he allegedly sent to revolutionists via his family?
No single letter was presented in court as evidence.
Why did Rizal argue that he would have taken precautions to avoid arrest if he knew about the outbreak of the revolution?
To avoid possible arrest.
Study Notes
The Judicial Process Against Rizal
- On December 2, 1896, Blanco endorsed the case against Rizal to a special judge, Rafael Dominguez, for the formal beginning of the judicial process.
- On December 3, 1896, Rafael Dominguez formally opened the case against Rizal.
- On December 5, 1896, Dominguez submitted his report.
- On December 7, 1896, Auditor General de Guerra Nicolas de la Peña submitted his dictamen, recommending that Rizal be brought to trial immediately, kept in prison, and have his property attached.
Preparation for the Trial
- On December 8, 1896, Blanco appointed Enrique de Alcocer as fiscal (prosecutor).
- On December 9, 1896, Alcocer submitted his judgment on the merits of the case.
- A list of 106 eligible officers was drawn up to become Rizal's defense counsel.
- On December 10, 1896, Rizal chose Luis de Taviel as his defense counsel.
The Trial
- On December 12, 1896, Rafael Dominguez declared the case ready for trial.
- Alcocer accused Rizal of being an agitator and a man obsessed by hatred for Spain, and demanded the death penalty, permanent loss of civil rights, and police surveillance for life.
- Taviel de Andrade argued that the incidents presented by the prosecutor occurred before the rebellion broke out and that Rizal's writings were misconceived.
- Taviel de Andrade also argued that the witnesses presented by the prosecution were biased against Rizal and that the statutes of the Liga did not show any evidence of illegality.
Test your knowledge on the accusations made against Jose Rizal regarding his literary works and activities. Explore the claims of inciting anti-friar and anti-Spanish sentiments, as well as his alleged involvement in rebellion.
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