River Long and Cross Profiles Quiz

The long profile of a river represents the course of the river and its journey from the source to the mouth.

The three sections are the upper course, middle course, and lower course.

The upper course has deep valley sides and a narrow river channel.

<p>The Bradshaw model is used to describe how a river's characteristics change between the upper, middle, and lower courses as it travels downstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>V-shaped valleys and steep valley sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meanders, oxbow lakes, and a less steep gradient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flat valley sides, flood plains, levees, and estuaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>River discharge refers to the amount of volume of water within a river at a given time. In the upper course of a river, the discharge is small, but it increases in the middle course and then increases again in the lower course.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the upper course of a river, erosion is mainly vertical downwards erosion, resulting in steep valley sides. In the middle course, there is more lateral and vertical erosion due to meanders and oxbow lakes. In the lower course, erosion is minimal due to increased deposition, creating estuaries and deltas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the upper course, transportation is limited due to the small amount of energy in the river. In the middle course, there is some movement of sediment within meanders and oxbow lakes. In the lower course, transportation is significant, leading to the creation of deltas and estuaries. Deposition also increases from source to mouth, with the most deposition occurring in the lower course.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the upper course of a river, there are large boulders and rocks. In the middle course, the load size decreases, with more pebbles and smaller boulders. In the lower course, the load size consists mostly of finer material such as sand, silt, and clay, with some pebbles.</p> Signup and view all the answers