Risk vs. Uncertainty Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between risk and uncertainty?

Risk involves knowing the probabilities of outcomes, while uncertainty does not involve attaching probabilities to outcomes. (correct)
Uncertainty involves knowing the probabilities of outcomes, while risk does not involve attaching probabilities to outcomes.
Risk and uncertainty both involve attaching probabilities to outcomes, but in different ways.
Risk and uncertainty are the same and can be used interchangeably.

What influences risk perception according to the text?

Biases, shocks, and individual characteristics (correct)
Only biases
Only shocks
Only individual characteristics

What is an example of how biases influence risk perception?

Belief that risks can be controlled by own behavior
Only acquiring info that confirms the hypothesis, without checking the falsifying cases (correct)
Consent heuristic
Believing that risks cannot be controlled by own behavior

How does gender influence risk perceptions according to the text?

Females tend to rate risk higher than males (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of how shocks influence risk perception according to the text?

Mexican drug war - when local crime rates grew, people perceived themselves to be at a lower risk of falling victim to crime (A) Signup and view all the answers

Risk - don’t know what will happen, but can attach probabilities to the outcomes o Example: Digging for oil in an explored area - the estimated chance of finding oil when digging down in the specific area is 0.6 (not finding - 0.4) Uncertainty - don’t know what will happen, but can’t attach probabilities to the outcomes o Example: Digging for oil in an unexplored area - no estimated chance, it is just possible to find or not to find oil Are risk perceptions the result of ______.

biases but also shocks and individual characteristics Signup and view all the answers

How biases influence risk perception: confirmation bias (only acquiring info that confirms the hypothesis, without checking the falsifying cases), consent heuristic (leads people to adopt the common/majority point of view even if wrong), illusion of control (believing that risks can be controlled by own behaviour) optimistic and pessimistic ______.

bias Signup and view all the answers

Example: Mexican drug war - when local crime rates grew, people perceived themselves to be at a higher risk of falling victim to ______.

crime Signup and view all the answers

How does risk vary with individual ______.

characteristics Signup and view all the answers

Example: gender influences risk perceptions, females tend to rate risk higher than ______.

males Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between risk and uncertainty?

Risk is when you don't know what will happen but can attach probabilities to the outcomes. Uncertainty is when you don't know what will happen and can't attach probabilities to the outcomes. Signup and view all the answers

How do biases influence risk perception?

Biases influence risk perception through factors such as confirmation bias, consent heuristic, illusion of control, optimistic bias, and pessimistic bias. Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of how shocks influence risk perception.

An example of how shocks influence risk perception is the Mexican drug war, where local crime rates growing led people to perceive themselves to be at a higher risk of falling victim to crime. Signup and view all the answers

How does gender influence risk perceptions?

Gender influences risk perceptions, with females tending to rate risk higher than males. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of how individual characteristics influence risk perception?

An example of how individual characteristics influence risk perception is gender, where females tend to rate risk higher than males. Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Risk and Uncertainty

Risk: don't know what will happen, but can attach probabilities to the outcomes
Example: digging for oil in an explored area, with an estimated chance of finding oil as 0.6 (not finding: 0.4)
Uncertainty: don't know what will happen, but can't attach probabilities to the outcomes
Example: digging for oil in an unexplored area, with no estimated chance of finding oil

Influences on Risk Perception

Biases: confirmation bias, consent heuristic, illusion of control
Example: Mexican drug war, where people perceived themselves to be at a higher risk of falling victim to crime when local crime rates grew
Individual characteristics: optimistic and pessimistic tendencies
Example: gender influences risk perceptions, with females tend to rate risk higher than males

Biases and Risk Perception

Biases influence risk perception by distorting reality
Confirmation bias: only acquiring information that confirms the hypothesis, without checking the falsifying cases
Consent heuristic: leads people to adopt the common/majority point of view even if wrong
Illusion of control: believing that risks can be controlled by own behavior

Shocks and Risk Perception

Shocks influence risk perception by increasing perceived risk
Example: Mexican drug war, where people perceived themselves to be at a higher risk of falling victim to crime when local crime rates grew