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Questions and Answers
الخلافة الأموية انتهت بالسقوط أمام العباسيين.
الخلافة الأموية انتهت بالسقوط أمام العباسيين.
True
معاوية الأول كان أول خليفة أموي.
معاوية الأول كان أول خليفة أموي.
True
أمويين هم أول خلفاء الإسلام.
أمويين هم أول خلفاء الإسلام.
False
رأس الإمبراطورية الأموية كانت في مكة.
رأس الإمبراطورية الأموية كانت في مكة.
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مقتل العباسيين لآخر خليفة عباسي حدث عام 709.
مقتل العباسيين لآخر خليفة عباسي حدث عام 709.
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Study Notes
Rise of the Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate was established after the death of Muhammad in AD 632, making it the third caliphate in Islam's history. It began when Abu Sufyan ibn Harith al-Ash'al succeeded his father, who had been one of the wealthiest men in Mecca before converting to Islam with other early Muslims. The first Umayyad ruler was Muawiyah I, who proclaimed himself caliph upon the assassination of Ali, the fourth caliph, during the First Civil War.
Following this conflict, Muawiya made Damascus the capital of the new empire, which spread from North Africa to Spain in the west, all the way to Central Asia in the east. This territory encompassed two continents and three seas. A significant event in the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate occurred around AD 709, when the last Abbasid caliph was murdered by members of the Hashimite family, allowing the Umayyads to succeed them. The reign of the Umayyads continued until their overthrow by the Abbasids in AD 750.
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Description
Learn about the establishment and expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate after the death of Prophet Muhammad, including the succession of rulers and key events that shaped its history until it was overthrown by the Abbasids in AD 750.
