Rise of the Nazis and Their Policies

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Questions and Answers

What year did the Nazis come to power?

1933

How did WW1 help gain support from the German people?

They were humiliated after their defeat, their territory was lessened, they had to pay heavy reparations, no jobs, there was a worldwide depression and distrust to the government.

What was the name of the Nazi state?

German Reich

What effect did the belief that Germany was the superior race have on domestic policy with regard to women in German society?

They started to work outside of their homes, they gained more rights (voting), and they were supposed to have as many children as possible. Signup and view all the answers

Which races were considered inferior to the so-called Aryan race?

Jews, Slavs, Blacks, Roma (Gypsies), people with mental & physical disabilities Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the laws enacted in Hitler's regime that were restrictive of the rights of Jewish citizens?

Excluded them from public life and education, expelled them from professions, had to wear David's star, children moved to Jewish schools, could not vote, a curfew was created. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Third Reich identify someone as Jewish by blood?

Two grandparents were enough, if born out of wedlock, if married to a Jewish person. Signup and view all the answers

When was Kristallnacht and what happened on that night?

November 9-10 1938; Party officials directed Nazis to destroy Jewish shops and torch synagogues. Signup and view all the answers

What was the original purpose of concentration camps?

It was a place where anyone who opposed the political party was sent. Signup and view all the answers

Besides Jews and Gypsies, what other groups were targeted by the Nazis for extermination?

Soviet Prisoners of War, Polish people, Russians, Communists, Socialists, Homosexuals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Holocaust and why does it have this name?

The Holocaust was the murder of 6 million Jews during WW2; the word means 'burnt offering.' Signup and view all the answers

When the Jews arrived at the camps, which groups of people were targeted for immediate extermination?

Those unable to work, the very old, handicapped, anyone pregnant. Signup and view all the answers

How many Jews were killed in the Holocaust?

6 million Signup and view all the answers

What were three main ways Jews were killed during the Holocaust?

Poison gas, starvation, diseases (typhus), shot. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Nazis try to avoid detection of their crimes in the last months of the war?

They destroyed gas chambers, burnt documents, carried out mass executions, moved prisoners to other camps. Signup and view all the answers

How did Jews react to the Civil Rights Movement?

They joined it because of their similar hardships. Signup and view all the answers

What is genocide?

The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. Signup and view all the answers

What are neo-Nazis and what are their goals?

New Nazis, restore Nazi ideas after WW2. Signup and view all the answers

Why was Fritzie afraid to step on the grounds?

She was afraid blood would squirt up. Signup and view all the answers

How had the world changed after the Holocaust?

Genocide had not been seen before on that scale. Signup and view all the answers

What did genocide promise?

Never again Signup and view all the answers

Why is the nighttime harder?

The nightmares were constant. Signup and view all the answers

When did a group of neo-Nazis attempt to march through Illinois?

1978 Signup and view all the answers

What changed after the protests?

It was now mandatory to teach schools about the Holocaust. Signup and view all the answers

What happened in Rwanda in 1944?

Genocide - in 100 days, hundreds of thousands were massacred. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Rise of the Nazis

Nazis came to power in 1933 amid a backdrop of post-World War I humiliation, loss of territory, heavy reparations, unemployment, a global depression, and government distrust.

Nazi State

The Nazi regime was officially identified as the German Reich.

Domestic Policy and Women

Belief in Aryan superiority led to increased rights for women, including voting and the expectation to have multiple children, while also encouraging them to work outside the home.

Aryan Race and Inferior Races

Aryan races were considered superior; Jews, Slavs, Black individuals, Roma, and others with disabilities were labeled as unworthy of life.

Anti-Jewish Laws

Jews faced numerous restrictive laws:
- Exclusion from public life and education.
- Bans on professions and making a living.
- Mandatory ID cards and wearing identification stars.
- Required to attend Jewish schools, loss of licenses/passports, and voting rights were revoked.
- Enforced curfews.

Jewish Identification

Determining Jewish lineage included criteria like having two Jewish grandparents, being born out of wedlock, or marrying a Jewish person.

Kristallnacht

Occurred on November 9-10, 1938, where party officials directed assaults on Jewish properties, resulting in over 7,000 businesses vandalized, approximately 2,000 arrests, and widespread destruction of synagogues.

Concentration Camps Purpose

Initially established to imprison political opponents and intimidate leadership, concentration camps evolved into extermination camps for Jews following the outbreak of WWII.

Targeted Groups for Extermination

In addition to Jews and Gypsies, the Nazis targeted Soviet POWs, Polish people, Russians, communists, socialists, and homosexuals.

Holocaust Overview

The Holocaust resulted in the murder of approximately 6 million Jews, representing two-thirds of the European Jewish population.
The term "Holocaust" means "burnt offering," referring to the cremation of victims.
Jewish people referred to it as "Shoah," meaning catastrophe, while Nazis termed it "the Final Solution."

Immediate Extermination Targets

Upon arrival at camps, vulnerable groups such as the elderly, handicapped individuals, pregnant women, and those unable to work were immediately targeted for extermination.

Methods of Killing

Methods of killing included poison gas, starvation, diseases (such as typhus), and shootings, totaling around 6 million Jewish deaths.

Evasion of Detection

To conceal their crimes in the final months of the war, Nazis destroyed gas chambers, burned incriminating documents, conducted mass executions, and relocated prisoners.

Jewish Involvement in Civil Rights

Jewish individuals actively participated in the Civil Rights Movement due to shared experiences of oppression and hardship.

Genocide Definition

Genocide involves the systematic killing of a large group of people, especially targeting specific ethnic groups or nations.

Neo-Nazi Movement

Neo-Nazis aim to resurrect Nazi ideologies and regain influence following World War II.

Individual Trauma

Individuals expressed fears about stepping on certain grounds, believing they might encounter blood from past atrocities, highlighting psychological impacts.

Post-Holocaust World Changes

The Holocaust set a precedent for genocide on an unprecedented scale, leading to global recognition of such atrocities.

Genocide Pledge

"Never again" became a rallying cry and a commitment against future genocides.

Nighttime Fears

Nighttime brought constant nightmares, exacerbating the trauma experienced during the Holocaust.

Neo-Nazi March

In 1978, a group of neo-Nazis attempted a march in Illinois, reflecting ongoing extremist movements.

Educational Reforms

Following protests against neo-Nazi activities, Holocaust education was mandated in schools to ensure awareness and remembrance.

Rwandan Genocide

In 1994, a genocide occurred in Rwanda, resulting in the massacre of hundreds of thousands over a span of 100 days.

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Description

Explore the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany, which emerged after World War I's turmoil. This quiz examines the implementation of anti-Jewish laws, ideas of Aryan superiority, and the unique roles assigned to women within the Nazi state. Test your knowledge on this crucial historical period and its lasting impacts.