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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a First Flush Separator in a rooftop rainwater harvesting system?
What is the primary function of a First Flush Separator in a rooftop rainwater harvesting system?
How is the rainwater harvesting potential calculated according to the provided formula?
How is the rainwater harvesting potential calculated according to the provided formula?
Which type of surfaces would provide the greatest runoff percentage for rainwater harvesting?
Which type of surfaces would provide the greatest runoff percentage for rainwater harvesting?
What is the significance of LEED Zero Water Certification for hotels like ITC Mughal and ITC Sonar?
What is the significance of LEED Zero Water Certification for hotels like ITC Mughal and ITC Sonar?
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Which is a key responsibility that hotels must uphold to ensure sustainable water management?
Which is a key responsibility that hotels must uphold to ensure sustainable water management?
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What is one potential benefit of rainwater harvesting in the context of the hospitality industry?
What is one potential benefit of rainwater harvesting in the context of the hospitality industry?
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Which department consumes the largest proportion of water in the hospitality industry according to the provided data?
Which department consumes the largest proportion of water in the hospitality industry according to the provided data?
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What is a significant factor affecting the viability of investing in rainwater storage systems?
What is a significant factor affecting the viability of investing in rainwater storage systems?
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Which of the following terms describes a scenario where water use does not exceed the local supply?
Which of the following terms describes a scenario where water use does not exceed the local supply?
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For what purpose do cooling towers mainly use water in the hospitality industry?
For what purpose do cooling towers mainly use water in the hospitality industry?
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Which of the following is NOT a benefit of rainwater harvesting?
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of rainwater harvesting?
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What percentage of water use is typically allocated for landscaping in the hospitality industry?
What percentage of water use is typically allocated for landscaping in the hospitality industry?
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What global challenge is expected to worsen the global water deficit by 2030?
What global challenge is expected to worsen the global water deficit by 2030?
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Study Notes
Greening Hospitality and Tourism - Lesson 4: Rainwater Harvesting
- Rainwater harvesting collects rainwater from catchments to meet high water demand.
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Benefits of Rainwater Harvesting:
- Water supply (domestic, industrial, commercial)
- Water saving
- Flood control
- Drought mitigation
- Disaster prevention (e.g., fire-fighting)
- Groundwater recharge
- Energy saving (treatment and pumping)
- Rainfall is a crucial factor
The World's Water
- Earth's water is mostly saltwater (96.5%).
- Fresh water makes up 2.5% of total water.
- Of this fresh water, a large part (over 68%) is locked in glaciers and ice caps.
Where is Earth's Water?
- Groundwater accounts for a significant part of freshwater (30.1%)
- Lakes hold 20.9 % of freshwater
- Glaciers and ice caps contain 68.7% of the fresh water.
- Surface water and other freshwater accounts for 1.2%.
Water Scarcity
- Over 2 billion people live in water-stressed areas.
- 45% of the global population lacks access to safe sanitation.
- A global water deficit of 40% is predicted by 2030.
- The situation is exacerbated by global challenges like COVID-19 and climate change.
Rainwater Harvesting in Tourism & Hospitality Industry
- Availability of catchments
- High freshwater use
- Landscaping
- Fire hydrants
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Use of Harvested Rainwater:
- Groundwater recharge
- Direct use
Groundwater Recharge
- If space is limited, groundwater recharge is a viable option.
- Short rainy seasons make storage-system investments less attractive.
- Water neutrality, or water positive strategies are needed.
Steps for Responsible Water Use
- Step 1: Reduce Water Use: Use efficient devices and promote water-saving culture.
- Step 2: Reuse Water: Implement rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling.
- Step 3: Offset Water: Invest in water-saving projects outside the region.
Direct Use of Harvested Rainwater
- Cooling towers are often the largest water consumers in buildings, using about a gallon of water per square foot per month during summer.
- Landscape irrigation.
- Washing machines (5-10 gallons per room per night)
- Toilet flushing
- Fire hydrants
- Cleaning
- Storage
- Usage
- Recharge
Components of a Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System
- Catchment (rooftop)
- Conveyance (pipes)
- First Flush Separator
- Filtration
- Storage
- Usage
- Recharge
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
- Roof run-off = Catchment area (m²) x Rainfall (m) x Run-off coefficient
- Run-off coefficient:
- Percentage of runoff available for storage or recharge.
- Smooth surfaces offer higher percentages of runoff for use.
- Unpaved surfaces absorb more water with less runoff.
Demand Side
- 400 liters per guest per night.
- 152 rooms and suites.
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