Right to Information Quiz

Module 7: Social Science with Phil. Constitution

• This module supports the Senior High School Program.
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Information Sheet MT 7.1.1: Constitution of Liberty

• Section 6: Liberty of abode and changing it is not impaired except upon lawful court order, or for national security, public safety, or public health. The right to travel is also protected, except in those same interests.
• Liberty of Abode and Travel: Includes the right to choose residence, departure and return, within legal limitations, except in national interest cases.
• Limitations: Subject to state powers over criminal proceedings, or for national interests.
• Section 7: Right to information on public matters (official records, documents, papers, government research data) is guaranteed, subject to legal restrictions.
• Scope: Information encompasses public records; aliens may access records—subject to legal restrictions—regarding litigation.
• Importance: Popular sovereignty; participation in government; ensures effective fiscalization.

Information Sheet MT 7.1.2: Constitution of Liberty

• Section 8: Right to form unions, associations, or societies for legal purposes is guaranteed and cannot be abridged.
• Right of Association: The right to form, join, or leave societies for lawful purposes (social, scientific, cultural, political, religious, etc.). Association functions as a form of expression and wider audience.
• Limitations: The right is limited to lawful purposes, as opposed to actions that could create violence or overthrow the government.
• Employees in Civil Service: Cannot engage in strikes, walkouts, or temporary work stoppages. Rules and employment conditions are fixed by statutes, not by collective bargaining.

Information Sheet MT 7.1.3: Constitution of Liberty

• Section 9: Private property can't be taken for public use without just compensation.
• Inherent State Power: Eminent Domain, Police Power, Taxation.
• Eminent Domain: The state's right to seize property for public use with just compensation.
• Who Exercises?: Primarily the legislature, but can be delegated to other government bodies or quasi-public corporations (like utilities).
• Just Compensation: Full and fair equivalent of the property's value (actual or market value); other factors include acquisition cost, similar property values, potential uses, and location/size.
• Conditions for Use: Public use is required; a fair market value must be compensation.

Section 10: No Law Impairing the Obligation of Contracts

• Contract Obligation: The duty of contract members to fulfill the terms of an agreement, as long as its not contradictory to law, mores, good practices and policy; impairment occurs when terms are changed by law.
• Meaning of Contract: A meeting of minds between parties where one party promises to give or perform something to another.
• Law Considered Impairment: Enacts by the national legislation, executive orders, and administrative regulations; including local ordinances.
• Impairment: Anything diminishing a contract's effectiveness or altering its conditions without the consent of both parties. This includes increasing or decreasing interest rates on loans unless explicitly stated in the contract.

Section 11: Free Access to Courts

• Constitutional Expansion: Increased access to courts as well as quasi judicial bodies.
• Free access for poor: Ensuring those of limited financial resources can have appropriate legal assistance; providing free legal aid to indigent.

Section 12: (1) and (2): Rights During Custodian Investigation

• Right to Remain Silent: A detainee has the right to remain silent during inquiry.
• Competent Counsel: The right to a lawyer is guaranteed and should be provided to those unable to sustain the costs of a lawyer.
• Avoiding Torture: Prevent the use of coercion or force during questioning; secret detention is outlawed.
• Inadmissible Evidence: Any confession or statement that breaches these rights is inadmissible in court

Section 13: Right to Bail

• Bailable offenses: Except for the most serious offenses, a defendant has the right to be released before trial upon posting sufficient surety, or recognizance.
• Non impairment: The privilege of habeas corpus remains unless a specific case suspends it.
• Excessive Bail: Bail cannot exceed legal limits.

Section 14: No Person Shall Be Held to Answer For Criminal Offence Without Due Process

• Due process: The accused has a right to a fair trial. This includes the right to be notified of the charges, a speedy, impartial, and public trial, the right to hear the witness and to call own and to call witnesses. The accused also has the right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty in court.

Section 15: Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus

• Habeas Corpus: A legal action that challenges the legality of a person's detention; it ensures that the government doesn't unlawfully detain individuals, which ensures there is a valid reason to detain a person.
• Suspension of Habeas Corpus: Only suspended during invasion or rebellion—if public safety demands it,
• Meaning of Habeas Corpus: An order demanding a detained person be brought to court so the court can determine if the detention is legal

Section 16: Speedy Disposition of Cases

• Speedy Disposition: The right to a timely resolution of legal matters. Administrative, quasi-judicial, and judicial bodies all must respect this right to speed in resolving legal cases.

### Important Additional Information

• The provided information is a large and very complex subject matter, so ensure that you thoroughly understand the detailed information in the text. This is a condensed summary and contains only a small section of the complete information, so complete learning is advisable.