Riesgos Naturales y su Gestión
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Questions and Answers

¿Cuál es uno de los criterios para el uso del suelo en zonas de riesgo según el contenido?

  • Reclasificar suelo como protección de uso restringido (correct)
  • Incrementar la urbanización
  • Uso libre de suelo urbano
  • Eliminar las regulaciones del suelo
  • Las regulaciones para el uso del suelo expuesto a riesgos son opcionales según el marco legal vigente.

    False

    ¿Qué tipo de estrategias debe incluir el Modelo de Gestión del PDOT?

    Estrategias de articulación, reducción de riesgos y seguimiento.

    Es importante establecer __________ para los polígonos de uso condicionado en suelos expuestos a riesgos medios.

    <p>regulaciones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona cada tipo de riesgo con su respectiva acción:

    <p>Riesgo alto = Establecer restricciones de uso Riesgo medio = Establecer regulaciones para usos condicionados Riesgo no mitigable = Reclasificar suelo como protección Riesgo mitigable = Definir proyectos específicos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué fenómeno meteorológico se caracteriza por la presencia de truenos y relámpagos?

    <p>Tormenta eléctrica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El deslizamiento de tierra siempre es causado por terremotos.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué causa principal está asociada a un tsunami?

    <p>Terremotos submarinos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Una _____ es un periodo prolongado de tiempo con poca o ninguna precipitación.

    <p>sequía</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Empareja los fenómenos con sus descripciones:

    <p>Ola de calor = Temperaturas anormalmente altas Erupción volcánica = Expulsión de magma y gases del interior de la Tierra Inundación = Acumulación excesiva de agua Plagas = Crecimiento descontrolado de especies dañinas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de los siguientes fenómenos puede causar devastación masiva debido a la fuerza del agua?

    <p>Marejada ciclónica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Las erupciones volcánicas pueden ser explosivas.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué fenómeno meteorológico puede resultar en el colapso de edificios?

    <p>Terremoto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de los siguientes fenómenos es considerado un efecto inducido de un sismo?

    <p>Licuefacción</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Los fenómenos naturales son eventos que ocurren como resultado de intervención humana.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Menciona un ejemplo de un fenómeno natural geológico.

    <p>Terremoto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Un ________ es un ciclón tropical caracterizado por vientos violentos y lluvias torrenciales.

    <p>huracán</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona los tipos de fenómenos naturales con sus características:

    <p>Meteorológicos = Influencia del clima y la atmósfera Geológicos = Procesos internos de la Tierra Hidrológicos = Relación con el agua Biológicos = Acción de organismos vivos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué fenómeno natural está relacionado con daños en áreas costeras debido a olas de gran altura?

    <p>Huracán</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Los tornados son fenómenos que se forman en épocas de sequía.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define brevemente qué es un fenómenos natural.

    <p>Es un evento que ocurre en la naturaleza sin intervención humana.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de los siguientes eventos se considera el origen del universo?

    <p>El Big Bang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Los eclipses son causados por los movimientos de los planetas y otros cuerpos celestes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Hace cuánto tiempo se formó la Tierra?

    <p>hace unos 4.5 mil millones de años</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La _________ es la teoría que explica la dinámica interna del planeta a través del movimiento de las placas tectónicas.

    <p>Tectónica de Placas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asocia los fenómenos planetarios con sus características:

    <p>Eclipses = Alineación de cuerpos celestes Mareas = Gravedad del Sol y la Luna Estaciones = Cambios en el ángulo de incidencia solar Fases lunares = Ciclo de iluminación de la Luna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué fenómeno atmosférico se origina por la interacción de masas de aire, humedad y temperaturas?

    <p>Huracanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    El efectoc Coriolis no afecta el movimiento de los vientos planetarios.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Menciona un fenómeno que se produce por el desplazamiento de las placas tectónicas.

    <p>terremotos, erupciones volcánicas, o formación de montañas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones es un fenómeno natural atmosférico?

    <p>Tornado</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La actividad humana no tiene impacto en fenómenos naturales como el clima.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Menciona dos ejemplos de fenómenos naturales geológicos.

    <p>Terremotos y erupciones volcánicas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Los fenómenos naturales pueden afectar el acceso a recursos básicos como el _____ potable.

    <p>agua</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona los fenómenos naturales con su clasificación:

    <p>Huracanes = Atmosféricos Tsunamis = Geológicos Erosión = Geológicos Tormentas eléctricas = Atmosféricos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué efecto tiene el estudio de fenómenos naturales en la calidad de vida?

    <p>Mejora la calidad de vida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Las olas de calor no se consideran fenómenos relacionados con el clima.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la importancia de adoptar prácticas sostenibles según la relación humano-naturaleza?

    <p>Proteger el planeta y preservar los recursos para las futuras generaciones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Qué factor ambiental puede aumentar la vulnerabilidad de las comunidades costeras en Ecuador?

    <p>Aumento del nivel del mar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La vulnerabilidad siempre es estática y no cambia con el tiempo.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Menciona un ejemplo que disminuya la vulnerabilidad de una comunidad agrícola durante una sequía.

    <p>Implementación de sistemas de riego eficientes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Las mujeres suelen tener acceso limitado a __________, lo que las hace más vulnerables.

    <p>recursos como educación</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asocia cada tipo de vulnerabilidad con su causa correspondiente:

    <p>Vulnerabilidad social = Desigualdad de género Vulnerabilidad ambiental = Cambio climático Vulnerabilidad económica = Crisis económica Vulnerabilidad tecnológica = Falta de infraestructura resiliente</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál de los siguientes factores contribuye al aumento de la vulnerabilidad debido al crecimiento demográfico?

    <p>Expansión de asentamientos informales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    La implementación de tecnologías antisísmicas no afecta la vulnerabilidad a los terremotos.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can enhance a community's ability to respond to disasters?

    <p>Fortalecimiento de la educación y reducción de la pobreza.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    General Information

    • The presentation covers a wide range of topics related to risk management and disaster prevention.
    • The document is a lesson plan encompassing prevention and management of disaster risks.
    • The document outlines the identification of actions and guidelines in the processes of risk management and prevention.

    PDOT (Plan de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial)

    • The PDOT is a planning instrument used by local governments (municipalities and provincial directors) to guide sustainable development and territorial planning within their jurisdiction.
    • The PDOT aims to establish a long-term vision for regional growth, considering social, economic, environmental, and physical aspects to improve the population's quality of life.
    • Risk reduction is a crucial component of the PDOT, linked to national development policies.

    Actions to integrate disaster risk management into the PDOT

    • The presentation provides a series of strategic decisions to integrate disaster risk reduction into the PDOT.
    • Actions include adjusting strategic decisions based on disaster risk, identifying categories of exposed land to risks, and establishing regulations regarding exposed land.
    • Establishing secure locations for population, infrastructure, and economic activities.
    • Secure construction is essential, employing seismic-resistant norms where appropriate.
    • Implementing safe operating procedures for the provision of goods and services, avoiding risks to infrastructure and assets during seismic activity.
    • Promoting shared responsibility and risk awareness within public and private sectors to reduce disaster risks and adapt to climate change.
    • Increasing resilience through improved local administrative capacity to minimize disaster impacts.

    Identifying Categories of Exposed Land

    • Identifying exposed urban and rural land categories to risk is crucial.
    • Categorization utilizes risk zoning cartography developed in a diagnostic process.
    • Protection zones are established for each category based on risk assessment.

    Adjusting the Territorial Model in Response to Disaster Risk

    • The model must be adjusted to ensure territorial resilience in the face of disaster risk, minimizing losses.
    • Strategic interventions focus on proactively preventing new risk conditions and managing existing ones.
    • The process includes identifying protection zones within urban development areas.
    • Establishing environmental and landscape recovery projects for areas with unmitigable risks is an important consideration.
    • Projects are defined to address residual risk conditions.

    Regulations for Land Use Exposed to Risk

    • Establishing regulations for non-urbanizable land use based on identified risk conditions, reserving conservation areas.
    • Re-classifying urban and rural land categories as protection zones with restricted or monitored use.
    • Creating particular restrictions for high-risk or non-mitigable areas based on specific assessments.
    • Regulations for medium or mitigable risk zones are also defined.

    Model of Disaster Risk Management in the PDOT

    • The model of PDOT disaster risk management should include strategies for coordination and implementation.
    • It should incorporate strategies to progressively reduce or mitigate risk factors.
    • Monitoring and evaluation strategies should also be included in the plan.

    Defining Articulation and Coordination Strategies

    • Strategies for effective disaster risk reduction must be established, with collaboration between the government, academia and international cooperation organizations.

    Defining Progressive Risk Reduction Strategies

    • The risk reduction strategy should be based on existing programs and projects mentioned in the plan.
    • Implementation should be done through county/provincial disaster reduction agendas.

    Improving Disaster Risk Knowledge

    • Increasing disaster-related knowledge through analysis, planning and management is crucial.
    • This includes generating, managing or updating information about threats, vulnerabilities, and risks.
    • Strengthen the governance structure for disaster risk in collaboration with national bodies.

    Defining Monitoring and Evaluation Strategies

    • Defining indicators tied to county/provincial disaster reduction agendas to track progress is crucial for the PDOT.
    • The establishment of specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-bound (SMART) indicators.
    • It is essential for the government (local authorities) to define regulations within their scope to handle limitations concerning specific hazards.
    • Monitoring efforts should involve the government and other actors in the risk management process to check adherence to established regulations.

    Disaster Risk Management in PDOT Lineamientos

    • Disaster risk management has replaced disaster handling and management.
    • Including disaster risk management in local planning and zoning is common for sustainable development, but often not thoroughly considered in long-term planning.

    Disaster Risk Management and Sustainable Development

    • Disaster risk management is essential for sustainable development.
    • Risk management is necessary to prevent loss of life and property, while promoting growth.

    Types of Natural Phenomena

    • Atmospheric or Meteorological Phenomena: Include hurricanes, tornadoes, thunderstorms, torrential rains, and heat waves.
    • Geological Phenomena: Include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, and landslides.
    • Hydrological Phenomena: Include floods, droughts, and tsunamis.
    • Biological Phenomena: Include epidemics, infestations, and harmful algae blooms.

    Causes of Natural Phenomena

    • Internal Processes: Associated with plate tectonics and related geological activity.
    • External Factors: Result from atmospheric changes and global warming, influencing events such as hurricanes and glacial melting.

    Impact of Natural Phenomena

    • Natural hazards can significantly impact human communities, causing loss of life, economic losses, and displacement.
    • Environmental damage, such as soil erosion from floods and ecosystem disruption from wildfires, can result.

    Preventing and Mitigating Disaster Risk

    • Monitoring and predicting disaster events (using satellites, meteorological stations, and seismic networks) is essential.
    • Constructing structures designed to withstand specific hazards (quake-resistant buildings, flood defenses) is also a priority.

    Origin of Natural Phenomena

    • Natural events/processes that occur without human intervention, driven by universal physical laws and forces.
    • Cosmic and astronomical origins, planetary movements, formation of the Earth, tectonic plate dynamics, volcanism, atmospheric interactions, cycles and ecological processes.

    Importance of Understanding Natural Phenomena

    • Understanding their origin helps in better comprehension of the world.
    • It allows for more informed decision-making to improve human life and safeguard the environment.
    • It supports predicting and preventing disasters, adapting to changing climate and resource management.

    Prediction and Disaster Prevention

    • Accurate weather forecasting predicts storms, hurricanes, droughts and aids in early warnings to protect people and property.
    • Understanding plate tectonics and volcanoes helps identify high-risk zones for better urban planning and safety measures.

    Protecting the Environment and Ecosystems

    • Understanding natural processes (e.g., water, carbon cycles, trophic interactions) sustainably manage resources and safeguard biodiversity.
    • Protecting ecosystems provides natural buffers against hazards, for example, the protection offered by mangroves against storm surges.

    Adapting to Climate Change

    • Minimizing the effects of extreme weather events (heatwaves, floods) necessitates mitigation of the root causes, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
    • Planning for changing conditions in sectors like agriculture, tourism, and fishing is crucial to maintain economic stability.

    Technological and Scientific Development

    • The need to understand natural phenomena drives innovation in observation technologies (e.g., satellites) and computer models, furthering scientific development.
    • Research advances understanding of the universe, such as planetary formation and the origin of life.

    Environmental Education and Awareness

    • Education about natural phenomena enhances environmental literacy and informed decision-making about environmental issues.
    • Recognizing the impact of human activity on natural systems and the need for sustainable practices is crucial.

    Safety and Public Health

    • Knowing natural phenomena to mitigate the risk of diseases and health issues in response to climate-related hazards (heat waves, storms), is necessary.
    • Having access to essential resources (water and food) following natural disasters is crucial.

    Final Considerations

    • Studying natural phenomena provides tools to better understand and manage the natural world.
    • This leads to improvements in human well-being through better use of resources and protection of biodiversity.

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    Unidad 2 Riesgos Naturales PDF

    Description

    Este cuestionario evalúa tus conocimientos sobre los criterios para el uso del suelo en zonas de riesgo y las estrategias del Modelo de Gestión del PDOT. Profundiza en fenómenos meteorológicos como deslizamientos, tsunamis y erupciones volcánicas, y cómo estos impactan el entorno. Prepárate para relacionar riesgos y acciones adecuadas en el manejo del territorio.

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