Questions and Answers
What did the Spaniards aim to achieve by teaching Filipinos the Spanish language?
What was the significance of the Doctrina Christiana published in 1953?
What term was used to refer to native literary writers during the Spanish-Colonial era?
Which of the following was a major theme in literary works during the Spanish-Colonial era?
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What was the original Filipino alphabet called before its replacement?
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What are riddles primarily intended to do?
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Which of the following best describes a myth?
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What is the primary purpose of fables?
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Which narrative form is characterized by quests and heroes with extraordinary abilities?
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Legends are typically believed to be:
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What is the main purpose of proverbs (salawikain) in Filipino culture?
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What is the structure of a tanaga poem?
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What theme is commonly found in folk songs?
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In the example of the tanaga titled 'KAIBIGAN', what does the poem metaphorically refer to?
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Which statement best captures the essence of the proverb 'Kung di ukol, di bubukol'?
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What was the primary contribution of the Americans during their occupation in the Philippines?
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Who were the Thomasites?
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Which language was adopted as the second language of the Philippines during the American colonial period?
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Which of the following plays was NOT prescribed by American authorities for performance during the occupation?
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Which of the following writers is known for using English as a medium of creative expression during this period?
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What key theme characterized the literary works produced during the American colonial period?
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What was a notable effect of English becoming the medium of instruction in schools?
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Which of the following best describes the impact of American colonization on Filipino literature?
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What is the meaning of Noli Me Tangere?
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Which character in Noli Me Tangere serves as a representation of Jose Rizal himself?
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What was the main goal of the reformists during the Spanish colonial period?
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How does El Filibusterismo differ from Noli Me Tangere in terms of its thematic focus?
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What does the title 'Fray Botod' symbolize in Graciano Lopez Jaena's writing?
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Which of the following is true about Andres Bonifacio?
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What was the purpose of the newspaper 'La Solidaridad' founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena?
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What significant prediction does Rizal make in El Filibusterismo?
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Marcelo H. Del Pilar is known for founding which newspaper?
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In what year did Marcelo H. Del Pilar begin writing pamphlets ridiculing the friars' administration?
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Which literary form became the most popular among Filipino writers in the 1920s?
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What was the purpose of the 'Carlos Palanca, Sr. Memorial for Literature' founded in 1951?
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Which of the following authors published 'Mga Piling Katha'?
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What trend did American colonization induce in the literary writing of Filipinos during the 1920s?
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Which author is known for his prose writings and became prominent during the latter years?
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Study Notes
Riddles (Bugtong)
- Riddles are mind puzzles or mystifying questions designed for entertainment.
- Example: “Isang balong malalim, punong-puno ng patalim.”
- Answer: mouth (bibig).
- Example: “Dalawa kong kahon, buksan walang ugong.”
- Answer: eyes (mata).
Prose Narratives
- Prose narratives explain natural phenomena through stories.
- Types include:
- Epic: Narrative poems focusing on heroic quests and adventures.
- Myth: Legends of gods and goddesses explaining mysteries and beliefs.
- Fables: Stories with animal characters teaching human values.
- Legends: Tales of origins and beliefs passed through generations.
Spanish-Colonial Era (1565-1898)
- Major impact of Spanish colonization was the Christianization of the Philippines.
- Introduction of Spanish language influenced Filipino literature.
- First Filipino alphabet (Alibata) replaced by the Roman alphabet.
- "Indios" was the term used for natives during this era.
- Friars spread church doctrines using Spanish in mass.
- "Doctrina Christiana" was the first book published in the Philippines in 1953.
- Rise of native literary writers called "Ladinos" emerged during this time.
Filipino Poetry
Proverbs (Salawikain)
- Proverbs convey truths and wise sayings based on common experiences.
- Example: “Bago mo sabihin at gawin, makapitong iisipin.”
- Example: “Kung di ukol, di bubukol.”
Tanaga
- A quatrain poem composed of seven syllables per line.
- Example: "Kaibigan" by Emelita Perez Baes emphasizes resilience and growth.
Folk Songs
- Lyrical expressions based on regional cultures.
- Example: Tagalog folk song "Sitsiritsit," capturing life in a rhythmic format.
Filipino Literary History
Contemporary Period (1946-present)
- Filipino literature flourished post-World War II despite initial neglect in the 1920s.
- Short stories gained popularity, with literary magazines emerging.
- Influences from English authors shaped writing styles.
- Alejandro G. Abadilla and Genoveva D. Edroza-Matute were notable writers.
- "Carlos Palanca Memorial for Literature" established to honor best literary works.
American-Colonial Period (1899-1945)
- The American occupation introduced a public education system in the Philippines.
- Thomasites were American teachers who established the educational framework.
- English became a significant influence, alongside the introduction of the English alphabet.
- Freedom of expression allowed for a vibrant literary scene with nationalistic themes.
- Major plays of the time focused on themes of freedom, including works by Aurelio Tolentino and Severino Reyes.
Jose Rizal's Novels
- Rizal authored two significant novels:
- Noli Me Tangere: Explores love and societal issues; protagonist Crisostomo Ibarra mirrors Rizal's ideals.
- El Filibusterismo: Highlights corruption and predicts revolution against Spanish rule.
Icons of Revolution
- Andres Bonifacio: Regarded as the "Father of Katipunan," expressed patriotism through poetry.
- Emilio Jacinto: Known as "The Brains of Katipunan," wrote political essays in vernacular language.
- The era faced challenges in publishing due to restrictions imposed by Spanish authorities.
Propagandists and Reformists
- Graciano Lopez Jaena and Marcelo H. del Pilar were key figures advocating for reforms.
- "La Solidaridad" aimed to collect ideas addressing political and social issues democratically.
- "Diariong Tagalog" focused on awakening national consciousness among Filipinos.
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Description
Test your knowledge of riddles and prose narratives, including epics, myths, fables, and legends. This quiz explores various types of literature and their cultural significance, especially during the Spanish-Colonial era in the Philippines. Challenge your understanding of these literary forms and their origins.
