The Nixon Era Quiz: EPA Creation and U.S. Government

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Questions and Answers

The United States economy took a hit due to our dependence on foreign ______.

oil

In 1977, ______ Carter (Democrat) took office as the 39th President of the U.S.

Jimmy

Carter created the Department of ______ and urged Americans to develop alternative energy sources.

Energy

The economy still was hindered by ______- high unemployment and high inflation.

stagflation Signup and view all the answers

Carter signed the ______ Canal Treaty which stated America would turn over control of the canal to Panama by the year 2000.

Panama Signup and view all the answers

After the Soviets invaded ______, the Soviet-U.S. relationship grew tense.

Afghanistan Signup and view all the answers

The ______ was a Christian organization that supported socially conservative norms and worked to get Ronald Regan elected as president.

Moral Majority Signup and view all the answers

Regan nominated ______ Day O'Connor to Supreme Court, and she became the first female to serve on the Supreme Court.

Sandra Signup and view all the answers

Regan increased defense spending on programs like ______ WARS, to put pressure on the Soviets to spend money they didn't have.

STAR Signup and view all the answers

In 1986, government officials secretly sold weapons to ______ in exchange for the release of hostages who had been taken captive by a terrorist group.

Iran Signup and view all the answers

In 1969, Richard Nixon became the ______ President of the U.S.

37th Signup and view all the answers

Nixon and congress passed the ______ Protection Agency (EPA).

Environmental Signup and view all the answers

The Equal Rights Amendment prevented discrimination based on ______.

sex Signup and view all the answers

In 1972, Nixon shocked Americans by visiting ______.

China Signup and view all the answers

Nixon initiated the process of ______, which deescalated tensions between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.

détente Signup and view all the answers

In 1972, Nixon and the Soviets signed ______ which limited the missile systems of both countries.

SALT I Signup and view all the answers

Republicans working for Nixon broke into the ______ complex.

Watergate Signup and view all the answers

After Nixon's Watergate scandal, the American people became more ______ about the federal government.

skeptical Signup and view all the answers

After Nixon resigned, ______ became the 38th president of the United States.

Gerald Ford Signup and view all the answers

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) issued an ______ on the U.S.

embargo Signup and view all the answers

What were the major concerns that led some states to not ratify the Equal Rights Amendment?

Some concerns that led states to not ratify the Equal Rights Amendment were women potentially being drafted into the military and other unspecified concerns. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of Nixon's visit to China in 1972.

Nixon's 1972 visit to China was significant because it opened up diplomatic relations between the U.S. and the Communist country of China, which was a shocking move at the time. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the SALT I treaty signed by Nixon and the Soviets in 1972?

The SALT I treaty signed by Nixon and the Soviets in 1972 limited the missile systems of both the U.S. and the Soviets. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Watergate scandal impact the American people's trust in the federal government?

After the Watergate scandal, the American people became even more skeptical and lost further trust in the federal government. Signup and view all the answers

What economic challenges did President Ford face during his presidency?

The biggest problem Ford faced was an economy that had high inflation and high unemployment, known as stagflation. Signup and view all the answers

Why did OPEC issue an oil embargo against the United States?

The text does not provide a specific reason for why OPEC issued an oil embargo against the United States. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Nixon's policy of détente with the Soviet Union?

Nixon's policy of détente with the Soviet Union aimed to deescalate tensions between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. Signup and view all the answers

What actions did Nixon take in an attempt to cover up the Watergate scandal?

When the government launched an investigation into the Watergate event, Nixon attempted to cover up information related to the scandal. Signup and view all the answers

What was controversial about Ford's decision to pardon Nixon after the Watergate scandal?

Ford's decision to pardon Nixon, using his executive power, prevented Nixon from being punished for his involvement in the Watergate scandal, which was controversial. Signup and view all the answers

What actions did Carter take to address the nation's energy needs during his presidency?

Carter created the Department of Energy and urged Americans to develop alternative energy sources. Signup and view all the answers

What specific actions did Carter take to address the energy crisis during his presidency?

Carter created the Department of Energy and urged Americans to develop alternative energy sources. Signup and view all the answers

How did Carter's economic policies attempt to address stagflation, and were they successful?

Carter cut government spending in hopes that would help the economy, but it did not successfully address stagflation. Signup and view all the answers

What were the key provisions of the Camp David Accords negotiated by Carter?

The Camp David Accords ended years of conflict between Israel and Egypt, with both leaders agreeing to peace. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Iranian Hostage Crisis impact America's image as a world superpower?

America's world superpower image took a hit as they were unable to get the hostages back from Iran. Signup and view all the answers

What were the key principles of the "new conservatism" ideology advocated by Republicans?

The new conservatism supported reducing taxes, limiting the federal government, and emphasizing Christian values. Signup and view all the answers

How did Reagan's economic policies, dubbed "Reaganomics," attempt to tackle inflation?

To fight inflation, Reagan cut taxes and reduced regulation on businesses so they could produce more products and lower prices. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Reagan nominating Sandra Day O'Connor to the Supreme Court?

Sandra Day O'Connor became the first female justice to serve on the Supreme Court after being nominated by Reagan. Signup and view all the answers

How did Reagan's defense spending policies, like the "Star Wars" program, contribute to the end of the Cold War?

Reagan increased defense spending to pressure the Soviets into spending money they could not afford, eventually leading to their collapse. Signup and view all the answers

What were the two controversial actions taken by government officials in the Iran-Contra Affair?

Officials secretly sold weapons to Iran in exchange for hostages, and used that money to fund Nicaraguan rebels against U.S. policy. Signup and view all the answers

How did the new conservative movement's emphasis on Christian values manifest itself politically?

The Moral Majority organization supported socially conservative norms and worked to elect Ronald Reagan as president. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Economic Challenges

OPEC's embargo on the US led to a surge in prices of goods and gasoline, causing economic hardship due to the country's dependence on foreign oil.
The US economy struggled with stagflation, characterized by high unemployment and high inflation, during the 1970s.

Jimmy Carter's Presidency

Jimmy Carter took office as the 39th President of the US in 1977, during a growing energy crisis.
Carter created the Department of Energy and urged Americans to develop alternative energy sources.
Carter's economic policies, including cutting government spending and passing the Community Reinvestment Act, aimed to address the economic crisis.
The Camp David Accords, signed in 1977, brought an end to years of conflict between Israel and Egypt.
Carter signed the Panama Canal Treaty, agreeing to transfer control of the canal to Panama by 2000.
Carter also signed SALT II, limiting the development of nuclear weapons, and faced increased tension with the Soviet Union following their invasion of Afghanistan.

Iranian Hostage Crisis

The Shah of Iran was ousted in 1979, and he sought medical treatment in the US, angering Iranians.
In response, Iranians stormed the US embassy, taking Americans hostage.
The crisis ended with the release of the hostages on the day Ronald Reagan became president, over a year later.
The incident damaged America's international reputation and image.

Ronald Reagan's Presidency

Ronald Reagan became the 40th President of the US in 1981, advocating for a new conservatism ideology.
Reagan's economic policies, known as Reganomics, aimed to fight inflation by cutting taxes and reducing government regulation of businesses.
The policies helped the economy thrive, and prices began to fall.
Reagan nominated Sandra Day O'Connor to the Supreme Court, making her the first female justice.
Reagan's foreign policy focused on increasing defense spending, including the STAR WARS program, to put pressure on the Soviet Union.
Reagan signed a nuclear missiles treaty with Soviet leader Gorbachev, and the Soviet Union collapsed shortly after his presidency.

New Conservatism

The Heritage Foundation, an influential think-tank, advocated for free enterprise and a strong national defense.
The Moral Majority, a Christian organization, supported socially conservative norms and worked to elect Ronald Reagan as president.

Iran-Contra Affair

In 1986, government officials secretly sold weapons to Iran in exchange for the release of hostages.
The officials used the money to support the Contra's group, attempting to overthrow the Communist government in Nicaragua.
Both actions were against US policies, and the scandal further disillusioned the American people with the government.

Richard Nixon's Presidency

Richard Nixon became the 37th President of the US in 1969.
Nixon and Congress established the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to protect the environment from air and water pollution.
The Equal Rights Amendment, preventing discrimination based on sex, was passed by Congress but not ratified by the states.
Nixon's foreign policy focused on visiting China and the Soviet Union, initiating the process of détente and signing SALT I.
The Watergate scandal, in which Republicans broke into the Democratic headquarters, led to Nixon's resignation in 1972.

Gerald Ford's Presidency

Gerald Ford became the 38th President of the US after Nixon's resignation.
Ford pardoned Nixon for his involvement in the Watergate scandal.
Ford faced an economy struggling with stagflation, characterized by high unemployment and high inflation.

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Test your knowledge on Richard Nixon's presidency, including his achievements such as establishing the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and his foreign policy initiatives. Learn about the Equal Rights Amendment and its impact during Nixon's time in office.

Richard Nixon's Presidency Quiz

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