18 Questions
What is the size of a ribosome?
20-30 nanometers in diameter
What is the function of the P site in a ribosome?
Holds the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain
Where are eukaryotic ribosomes typically found?
In eukaryotes as free ribosomes in cytoplasm or attached to RER
What is the function of centrioles?
Organizing spindle fibers during cell division
What is the diameter of a centriole?
0.3 nanometer in diameter
What type of ribosome is found in prokaryotes, chloroplasts, and mitochondria?
70S ribosome
What is the function of the nucleolus?
To direct protein synthesis by synthesizing and controlling the synthesis of ribosomes
What is the primary function of ribosomes on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize proteins
What is the main difference between rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
RER has ribosomes on its surface
What is the structure of the nuclear envelope?
A double membrane with nuclear pores and a plug protein
What is the function of the enzyme in the RER membrane?
To modify polypeptides by attaching carbohydrates
What is the function of euchromatin?
To transcribe genes into RNA
What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the testes and ovaries?
To synthesize lipids and steroids
What is the function of the granular part of the nucleolus?
To assemble ribosome subunits
What is the function of transport vesicles in rough endoplasmic reticulum?
To transport proteins to other parts of the cell
What is the function of the fibrous part of the nucleolus?
To contain large loops of DNA from chromosomes
What is the difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin?
Heterochromatin is more compact, Euchromatin is more dispersed
What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?
To regulate concentration of calcium ions
Test your knowledge of ribosomes, their composition, size, and types. Learn about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes and their functions in cells.
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