🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

Ribosome Structure and Function
11 Questions
0 Views

Ribosome Structure and Function

Created by
@MesmerizingThulium

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the function of the ribosome in the cell?

  • To store genetic information
  • To synthesize proteins (correct)
  • To synthesize DNA
  • To break down proteins
  • Where are ribosomes found in eukaryotic organisms?

  • Only in the nucleus
  • Only in the endoplasmic reticulum
  • Only in the mitochondria
  • In the cytoplasm and mitochondria (correct)
  • What is the name of the endoplasmic reticulum associated with ribosomes?

  • Golgi apparatus
  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum (correct)
  • Lysosome
  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • What is the name of the RNA found in ribosomes?

    <p>Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the S value, or Svedberg unit, a measure of?

    <p>The sedimentation rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many sites for binding tRNA does the ribosome have?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are ribosomal proteins synthesized?

    <p>In the cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ribosomes?

    <p>To translate mRNA into polypeptide chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which order do the subunits leave the nucleus?

    <p>40 S subunit first, then 60 S subunit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is 5 S RNA synthesized?

    <p>On the chromosome outside the nucleolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the ribosomal subunits after protein synthesis?

    <p>They dissociate and can be reused</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ribosome Structure

    • A ribosome consists of two subunits: one large and one small, each made up of RNA and proteins.
    • Eukaryotic ribosomes are found in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, while cytoplasmic ribosomes can be free or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
    • Ribosomes are not bounded by a membrane.

    Ribosome Types

    • Prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller and less dense than eukaryotic ribosomes.
    • Eukaryotes have 80S ribosomes, with a small subunit of 40S and a large subunit of 60S.
    • Prokaryotes have 70S ribosomes, with a small subunit of 30S and a large subunit of 50S.

    tRNA Binding Sites

    • The ribosome has three sites for binding tRNA: the Peptidyl (P) site, the Aminoacyl (A) site, and the Exit (E) site.

    Ribosome Biogenesis

    • The nucleolus is the site of synthesis of rRNA.
    • The 18S, 5.8S, and 28S RNAs are synthesized in the nucleolus, while the 5S RNA is synthesized on the chromosome outside the nucleolus.
    • Ribosomal proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and translocated to the nucleolus, where they become associated with the ribosomal subunits.

    Ribosome Function

    • Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis through the translation of mRNA.
    • They read the genetic information encoded in mRNA molecules and use it to assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains.
    • The ribosome is recycled after protein synthesis, with the two subunits dissociating and being reused when needed.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Learn about the cell's protein synthesis factory, including the composition and function of ribosomes in eukaryotic organisms. Discover the different types of ribosomes and their locations within the cell.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Ribosome Structure and Function
    0 questions
    AP Biology Unit 2 Cell Structure Review
    19 questions
    Cell Structure Quiz
    40 questions

    Cell Structure Quiz

    GoodlyTellurium avatar
    GoodlyTellurium
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser