Ribosomal RNA

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Which molecule is required for the initiation step of translation?

GTP (correct)

ATP

RNA

DNA

How many GTP molecules are required during the elongation step 1 of translation?

2

1 (correct)

0

3

What is the relationship between genes and proteins?

Genes allow the cell to separate information storage from information utilization

Genes can be expressed with different efficiencies

Genes are regions of DNA that are transcribed into RNA

Genes contain information to make RNA, some of which encode proteins (correct)

What is the energetic cost of aminoacyl-tRNA activation during translation?

1 ATP Signup and view all the answers

Which step of translation requires 1 GTP molecule for each amino acid added?

Elongation step 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mRNA in gene expression?

mRNA encodes proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RNA is responsible for regulating gene expression?

miRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of transcription factors in RNA synthesis?

To help RNAP recognize the promoter Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a difference between DNA replication and transcription?

The stability of the newly synthesized strand Signup and view all the answers

Which RNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA) in eukaryotic cells?

RNAP-II Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of snRNAs in RNA processing?

To process mRNAs Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of snoRNAs in RNA processing?

To process rRNAs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about ribosomes?

Ribosomes consist of several rRNAs and dozens of proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of snoRNAs?

To process pre-rRNA. Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of rRNA in cells?

Days to weeks. Signup and view all the answers

Where are ribosomes produced in interphase cells?

In the nucleolus. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tRNA?

To transfer amino acids during protein synthesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the 5' cap on mRNA?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a stop codon?

UGG Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about release factors?

They bind to the A site of the ribosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of premature termination during translation?

The EJC remains on mRNA Signup and view all the answers

How can mutations cause early termination during translation?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of nonsense-mediated decay?

Selective destruction of mRNA with premature termination codons Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of polyribosomes in translation?

They enhance the efficiency of translation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is correct?

There are 64 possible mRNA codons. Signup and view all the answers

Why are there fewer tRNAs than codons?

There is a steric requirement between tRNA anticodon and mRNA codon. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

It activates tRNA by adding amino acids to it. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of eIF2 in protein synthesis initiation?

It helps the ribosome distinguish start codon from internal codons. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three tRNA binding sites on the ribosome?

A, P, E Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary energy requirement for peptide bond formation?

GTP hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers