Rheumatology and Immunology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary risk factor for developing osteoarthritis?

  • Previous joint injury
  • Age over 50
  • Obesity (correct)
  • Genetic predisposition
  • What should be the first line of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis to manage symptoms?

  • Sulfasalazine
  • Methotrexate
  • NSAIDs (correct)
  • Corticosteroids
  • Which medication acts as a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor?

  • Sulfasalazine
  • Methotrexate (correct)
  • Anti-TNF-alpha agents
  • Leflunomide
  • In rheumatoid arthritis, which antibody is more specific for diagnosis?

    <p>Anti-CCP antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication should be ruled out in a patient with a red, warm, and tender knee?

    <p>Septic arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major mechanism that leads to edema in a patient taking NSAIDs?

    <p>Decreased renal blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect is commonly associated with Methotrexate use?

    <p>Pulmonary fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

    <p>Arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age should the first dose of the MMR vaccine be administered?

    <p>12-15 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with pan-acinar emphysema?

    <p>Alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vaccine should be given to a neonate if the mother's HepB status is unknown?

    <p>HepB vaccine and immunoglobulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What classifies lung disease as restrictive?

    <p>Normal or increased FEV1/FVC ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential consequence of CREST syndrome?

    <p>Pulmonary fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for Clostridium difficile infection according to updated guidelines?

    <p>Vancomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is associated with toxic megacolon in C. difficile infection?

    <p>High fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended diagnosis method for Clostridium difficile?

    <p>Stool AB toxin test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is likely to present with bloody diarrhea and recent travel history?

    <p>Campylobacter jejuni infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with community-acquired pneumonia and lobar consolidation, which pathogen is most commonly associated with the right lower lobe?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is preferred for diagnosing pulmonary embolism in a pregnant woman?

    <p>V/Q scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is associated with pneumonia in patients that have been in close quarters, such as military barracks?

    <p>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients presenting with leg swelling, pain, and shortness of breath, what is the likely diagnosis?

    <p>Pulmonary embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for lupus nephritis?

    <p>Mycophenolate mofetil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibody is most specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?

    <p>Anti-Smith (RNP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the next best step in the diagnosis of viral-induced aplastic anemia?

    <p>Bone marrow aspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

    <p>Abs against platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of hemophilia A, which is the first-line treatment?

    <p>Desmopressin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inheritance pattern of hereditary spherocytosis?

    <p>Autosomal dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What laboratory finding is typically seen in von Willebrand disease (vWD)?

    <p>Always high bleeding time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drugs are classified as causing drug-induced lupus?

    <p>Minocycline and Hydralazine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial treatment for a child with asthma who is currently using a SABA inhaler and finds it ineffective?

    <p>Introduce an inhaled corticosteroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Goodpasture syndrome, which antibodies are primarily involved in the diagnosis?

    <p>Anti-GBM antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the expected laboratory finding in a patient with hematuria and hemoptysis who is suspected of having Wegener's granulomatosis?

    <p>c-ANCA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is indicated by high alkaline phosphatase, high direct bilirubin, and normal amylase or lipase in a patient with a recent cholecystectomy?

    <p>Choledocholithiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective long-term strategy to decrease asthma recurrence in a child frequently using a SABA inhaler?

    <p>Daily oral corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is commonly prescribed for chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to T cell dysfunction?

    <p>Oral fluconazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is preferred for evaluating the bile ducts?

    <p>ERCP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication seen in patients with a recent cholecystectomy who present with fever and abdominal pain?

    <p>Bile leak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a patient with isolated hematuria and p-ANCA positivity, what is the most likely diagnosis?

    <p>Microscopic polyangiitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the confirmatory test for diagnosing primary biliary cirrhosis?

    <p>Liver biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for an adult with seborrheic dermatitis?

    <p>Selenium or azole shampoo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective treatment for tinea capitis?

    <p>Oral griseofulvin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common cause of impetigo?

    <p>Streptococcus pyogenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is associated with high alkaline phosphatase levels, high direct bilirubin levels, and pruritus?

    <p>Primary biliary cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the recommended next step if a CT scan fails to show a definitive cause in a patient with high ALP and direct bilirubin after a cholecystectomy?

    <p>ERCP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in the hemostatic process?

    <p>Links platelet GpIb to underlying collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the classic symptoms associated with the platelet issues seen in von Willebrand disease (vWD)?

    <p>Epistaxis, bruising, and petechiae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is commonly used to treat febrile neutropenia by providing immediate broad-spectrum coverage?

    <p>Piperacillin/tazobactam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genetic inheritance pattern of sickle cell disease?

    <p>Autosomal recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following abnormalities would you expect to find in vitamin K deficiency?

    <p>Increased PT and aPTT; normal bleeding time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is specifically indicated for the treatment of CMV?

    <p>Ganciclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does desmopressin have in the treatment of von Willebrand disease?

    <p>Increases the release of von Willebrand factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strongest indication for anticoagulation therapy in patients with a prosthetic valve?

    <p>Prosthetic material in heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    USMLE Review Part I

    • This is a review guide for the USMLE Part I exam, categorized by Mehlman Medical.
    • Specific topics covered include travel-related diarrhea, infectious diseases, gastrointestinal conditions, cardiac conditions, pericardial procedures, pneumonia, and other medical issues.
    • The review also covers acid-base disturbances and abnormalities, various types of incontinence, and other medical conditions such as neurological issues, and infectious diseases.
    • The topics range from simple to more complex medical conditions, including their treatments, diagnosis and potential symptoms.
    • The guide includes specific examples such as diarrhea, different types of pneumonia, and various cardiac conditions, covering different presentations, diseases, causes, and treatments.
    • The content covers travel-related illnesses, infections, and conditions related to various organ systems like the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems.

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    HY USMLE Review Part I PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on key concepts in rheumatology and immunology, including risk factors for osteoarthritis, treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis, and specific antibodies for autoimmune disorders. This quiz covers essential clinical manifestations and complications related to these conditions.

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