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Questions and Answers
What will happen to students found cheating in the biology lab?
During which hours are the biology labs open on weekdays?
What should a student do when in doubt about lab procedures?
What materials are listed for use in the first lab exercise on terminology?
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What can happen to students who fail to adhere to the lab policies?
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What does the term 'medial' refer to in anatomical terminology?
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Which of the following terms describes the position 'below' in anatomical terminology?
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In a four-legged animal, which terms would correctly describe positions analogous to 'anterior' and 'posterior' in humans?
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What is the anatomical term for the 'elbow' region?
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Which term describes the 'spinal side' of the body?
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What does 'proximal' indicate in anatomical terminology?
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Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the 'thigh' region?
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Which anatomical term refers to the 'palm' of the hand?
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What should NEVER be used at high power to prevent damage to the specimen and the objective lens?
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What is the purpose of the revolving nosepiece in a compound light microscope?
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How is total magnification calculated for a microscope with an eyepiece power of 10x?
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Which part of the microscope is responsible for focusing light on the specimen?
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What is the function of the iris diaphragm ring in a compound light microscope?
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What is the working distance in the context of a microscope?
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What should be used exclusively to clean the lenses of a microscope?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the stage in a compound light microscope?
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Which term refers to the viewing area seen when looking through the ocular lenses?
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What is the primary risk of moving the specimen without observing any movement through the eyepiece?
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What is the recommended procedure when starting to focus on a specimen?
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Why is it advisable to use the lowest magnification necessary for observations?
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What does the term parfocal mean in the context of a microscope?
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What should be done before increasing magnification to avoid losing focus?
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Which mechanism is primarily used to adjust light intensity?
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What can be used to enhance detail in a specimen under high magnification?
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What is the first step you should take when preparing to use the microscope?
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Which focus knob should be used at high power magnification?
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What should be done to the stage before stowing the microscope?
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What is the general rule regarding the use of magnification when looking at specimens?
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Which of the following should be avoided when adjusting the light level during microscopy?
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When should the dust cover be placed over the microscope?
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Which method is correct for unplugging the microscope's power cord?
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What is a proper way to carry the microscope?
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Study Notes
Biology Lab Rules
- Cheating is strictly prohibited and results in a failing grade for the lab course.
- Labs are open Monday-Thursday from 9:00 AM to 9:00 PM, and Friday from 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM, with extended hours during the summer.
- Open study is available during these hours, times are posted outside the lab.
- Labs are closed on weekends and holidays.
- Consult with your instructor or an instructional assistant if you have questions.
- Sign the lab policy document and return it to your instructor.
Lab 1: Terminology and Microscopy Review
- This lab focuses on anatomical terminology and microscopes.
- Learn how to use anatomical terms and apply them to body regions.
- Identify body cavities and quadrants.
- Understand the parts and functions of a compound light microscope.
- Properly use and stow the microscope.
Exercise One: Terminology
- Directional terms are used to describe locations on the body.
- Superior means above.
- Inferior means below.
- Dorsal means towards the spinal side.
- Ventral means towards the abdominal side.
- Anterior means in front of.
- ** Posterior** means behind.
- Medial means towards the midline.
- Lateral means away from the midline (left or right).
- Proximal means towards the point of attachment or origin.
- ** Distal** means away from the point of attachment or origin.
- Superficial means at or towards the surface.
- Deep means away from or below the surface.
- Anterior and ventral are interchangeable in humans.
- Posterior and dorsal are interchangeable in humans.
Activity 2: Anatomical Regions
- Regional terms identify specific areas of the body.
- Cephalic: head
- Orbital: eye socket
- Mental: chin
- Cervical: neck
- Thoracic: chest
- Sternal: center of the chest
- Abdominal: belly
- Inguinal: groin
- Pubic: above the genitals
- Vertebral: spinal column
- Lumbar: lower back
- Gluteal: buttock
- Coxal: hip
- Axillary: armpit
- Brachial: upper arm
- Antecubital: front of the elbow
- Antebrachial: forearm
- Carpal: wrist
- Palmar: palm
- Digital: fingers or toes
- Femoral: thigh
- Patellar: knee
- Popliteal: back of the knee
- Tarsal: back part of the foot
- Pedal: foot
- Plantar: sole of the foot
- Calcaneal: heel of the foot
Activity 3: Body Planes
- Body planes are used to view anatomical structures.
- Compound light microscope uses lenses to magnify specimens.
- Working distance: The distance between the objective lens and the specimen.
- Field-of-view: The viewing area seen when looking through the ocular lenses.
- Depth-of-focus: The ability to focus on an entire specimen at one time.
- Parfocal: Ability of the microscope to stay in focus as magnification changes.
- Contrast: The ability to differentiate between light and dark areas.
Activity 4: Proper Use of the Compound Light Microscope
- Start by focusing at low magnification.
- Use coarse focus first, then fine focus.
- Center the specimen using mechanical stage controls.
- If higher magnification is needed, center the specimen and then increase the magnification.
- Adjust lighting as needed.
- Use the lowest magnification necessary for clear viewing.
- Never use coarse focus at high power.
- Clean lenses with lens paper.
Activity 5: Stowing the Compound Light Microscope
- Turn off the light.
- Remove the slide and return it to the slide box.
- Clean and dry the microscope.
- Lower the stage.
- Turn the revolving nosepiece to the low power objective.
- Unplug the cord and wrap it neatly.
- Place the cord on the stage and raise the stage.
- Place the dust cover over the microscope.
- Carry the microscope with two hands and place it in the storage cubicle.
- Place microscopes sideways with six per shelf.
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