Unit 2

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the term used to describe the new way of thinking about healthcare that is being called 'digitally enabled genomic medicine'?

digitally enabled genomic medicine

What is the process of using DNA sequencing and understanding to explain and resolve certain illnesses and diseases called?

genomic medicine

What are biomarkers?

biological indicators of possible disease

What is the term used to describe the use of nano-sized devices equipped with implanted controlled release mechanisms for drug delivery?

controlled delivery devices Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the study of genetic variations that cause adverse biological reactions to pharmaceuticals?

pharmacogenomics or pharmacogenetics Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the field of medicine that moves from overall standards of care to personalized care for individuals?

personalized medicine Signup and view all the answers

What is driving the change towards pharmacy informatics study and practice?

Factors such as rapid changes in information technologies and biotechnologies. Signup and view all the answers

What are some challenges in the current state of healthcare?

High population, poor facilities, low life expectancy, lack of qualified health personnel, poor remuneration and motivation for healthcare professionals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the current state of drug discovery and introduction?

Little or no effort in research and discovery of drugs locally, overdependence on foreign discovery and introduction of medication, delays and bottlenecks in the registration and approval of medicine, increasing cost of drug introduction and marketing. Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a need for health informatics in Ghana and most third world countries?

The current situation of healthcare delivery in these countries is not encouraging, and there is a need for improvement in healthcare delivery. Signup and view all the answers

What factors historically drive the change in technologies and introduction of new technologies?

Need and depravity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of introducing informatics and systems in healthcare?

To help improve healthcare and ensure efficient delivery. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of technological changes in the past that influenced medicine?

Stethoscope, Thermometer, X-rays, BP cuff, Sphygmomanometer, Penicillin Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of historical instances of technological discoveries in medicine?

They serve as a guide and a driver of change towards health informatics introduction Signup and view all the answers

How has information technology been a driver of change in healthcare?

Rapid changes in Information Technologies have resulted in its increasing application in healthcare systems Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of technologies that are enhancing healthcare practice?

Electronic health record (EHR), Smart devices, Visualization devices, Telemedicine, Telepharmacy Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of smart devices used in healthcare?

Devices for measuring glucose levels, devices for voice to text translation, handheld devices for note-taking Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of biotechnology in driving change in health informatics?

Biotechnological research and practices are influencing the drive towards health informatics and having an impact on pharmacy and medical practices Signup and view all the answers

What are some consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

More/new work for clinicians, Unfavourable workflow issues, Never ending system demands, Problems related to paper persistence, Untoward changes in communication pattern and practices, Negative emotions, Generation of new kinds of error, Unexpected changes in the power structure, Overdependence on the technology, Lack of standards Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of standards in health informatics?

Organizational standards and de-facto standards Signup and view all the answers

What do the standards in health informatics specify?

How healthcare computers or computing devices connect and how they send information, Preferred structure for healthcare information documentation Signup and view all the answers

Are there currently any standards or policies in place that define and compel the use of informatics in healthcare settings?

No Signup and view all the answers

What is the current challenge in healthcare?

To define, implement, and bring about widespread adoption of healthcare specific standards Signup and view all the answers

Where are the lack of appropriate standards a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

Across the healthcare system Signup and view all the answers

What are patient safety solutions?

Patient safety solutions are system designs or interventions that prevent or mitigate patient harm in healthcare processes. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of patient safety issues?

Some examples of patient safety issues include look alike and sound alike medication names, patient identification, and medication accuracy. Signup and view all the answers

What are some barriers to the adoption of informatics in health and pharmaceutical institutions?

Some barriers include high cost of technology, unclear return on investment, high maintenance cost, resistance from practitioners and users, lack of knowledgeable staff, lack of knowledge about informatics, fear of change, complacency, and unintended consequences of technology or system adoption. Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of informatics adoption in developed countries?

Informatics adoption in developed countries ranges between 5% and 50%. Signup and view all the answers

What is the informatics adoption rate in developing countries?

In developing countries, the majority have 0% informatics adoption. Signup and view all the answers

What is a financial barrier to informatics adoption?

A high cost of technology is a financial barrier to informatics adoption. Signup and view all the answers

What are some current factors driving the change towards pharmacy informatics study and practice?

Rapid changes in information technologies and biotechnologies Signup and view all the answers

What is the current situation of healthcare delivery in Ghana and most third world countries?

Not encouraging at all Signup and view all the answers

Why is there a need for health informatics in Ghana and most third world countries?

To help ensure improvement in healthcare delivery and ensure efficient delivery Signup and view all the answers

What is the current state of drug discovery and introduction?

Little or no effort in research and discovery of drugs locally, overdependence on foreign discovery and introduction of medication, delays and bottlenecks in the registration and approval of medicine, increasing cost of drug introduction and marketing Signup and view all the answers

What are some historical instances that have driven the change in technologies and introduction of new technologies?

Need and depravity Signup and view all the answers

What are some consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

Lack of qualified health personnel, poor remuneration and motivation for healthcare professionals, delays and bottlenecks in the registration and approval of medicine Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of patient safety issues that the alliance addressed?

Look alike and sound alike medication names, Patient identification, Medication accuracy. Signup and view all the answers

What are some financial barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

High cost of the technology, Unclear return on investment, High maintenance cost. Signup and view all the answers

What are some personnel related barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

Resistance on the part of the practitioners and users, Lack of or unavailability of staff with the requisite knowledge or expertise, Lack of knowledge, Fear of change, Complacency. Signup and view all the answers

What is one unintended consequence of technology or system adoption that can be a barrier to its adoption?

Unexpected or unintended consequences of technologies. Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of informatics adoption in developed countries?

5% to 50%. Signup and view all the answers

What is the informatics adoption rate in developing countries?

0%. Signup and view all the answers

What are some consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

More/new work for clinicians, Unfavourable workflow issues, Never ending system demands, Problems related to paper persistence, Untoward changes in communication pattern and practices, Negative emotions, Generation of new kinds of error, Unexpected changes in the power structure, Overdependence on the technology, Lack of standards Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

Lack of appropriate standards across the healthcare system Signup and view all the answers

What do the standards in health informatics specify?

How healthcare computers or computing devices connect and how they send information, Preferred structure for healthcare information documentation (paper or electronic) Signup and view all the answers

What is the current challenge in healthcare?

To define, implement and bring about widespread adoption of healthcare specific standards Signup and view all the answers

Are there currently any standards or policies in place that define and compel the use of informatics in healthcare settings?

No, currently there are no standards or policies in place Signup and view all the answers

Where are the lack of appropriate standards a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

In healthcare settings like hospitals and radiology units, especially in developing countries Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of technological changes in medicine that have influenced healthcare practice?

Examples include the stethoscope, thermometer, X-rays, BP cuff, Sphygmomanometer, and penicillin. Signup and view all the answers

What role does information technology play as a driver of change in healthcare?

Information technology is resulting in increasing application in healthcare systems, with computers and computer-related technologies becoming more portable, powerful, and affordable. The internet has dramatically changed information access and delivery, and software development has enhanced various health information applications. Signup and view all the answers

How are smart devices enhancing healthcare practice?

Smart devices automate medical and medication delivery, measure glucose levels, enable voice to text translation, and allow for handwritten notes to be transcribed. They also include automatic dispensing cabinets and smart pumps for injection delivery. Signup and view all the answers

What are visualization devices used for in healthcare?

Visualization devices capture, view, and analyze medical conditions and images, including x-ray devices, microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopy, and simple cameras or video recorders that can be shared over the internet. Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of telemedicine and telepharmacy?

Telemedicine combines visualization with telephony, internet, and other media to provide healthcare from a distance, while telepharmacy involves discussing patient prescriptions over the telephone with data sharing on computer screens. It can involve remote supervision through video conferencing technology. Signup and view all the answers

How is biotechnology driving change in health informatics?

Biotechnological research and practices are influencing health informatics by integrating work at the laboratory bench with patient care, studying genotype to phenotype, and impacting pharmacy and medical practices. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the use of nano-sized devices equipped with implanted controlled release mechanisms for drug delivery?

Controlled delivery devices Signup and view all the answers

What is driving the change towards pharmacy informatics study and practice?

The large amounts of data generated by new genotype and phenotype technologies Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of using DNA sequencing and understanding to explain and resolve certain illnesses and diseases called?

Genomic Medicine Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the new way of thinking about healthcare that is being called "digitally enabled genomic medicine"?

Digitally enabled genomic medicine Signup and view all the answers

What is the current state of drug discovery and introduction?

Biotechnologies are churning out a huge database of information that is influencing drug discovery Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the field of medicine that moves from overall standards of care to personalized care for individuals?

Personalized medicine Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the study of genotype to phenotype?

Translational medicine (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the field of medicine that moves from overall standards of care to personalized care for individuals?

Translational medicine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the use of nano-sized devices equipped with implanted controlled release mechanisms for drug delivery?

Nanomedicine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the new way of thinking about healthcare that is being called 'digitally enabled genomic medicine'?

Pharmacogenomics (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of smart devices used in healthcare?

Smart devices (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of visualization devices used in healthcare?

Visualization devices (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a barrier to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

High maintenance cost (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the financial barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

Unclear return on investment (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the personnel related barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

Resistance from practitioners and users (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

Unintended consequences of technology adoption (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of informatics adoption in developed countries?

5% to 50% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of informatics adoption in developing countries?

0% to 5% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

More/new work for clinicians (D) Signup and view all the answers

What do the standards in health informatics include?

Specifications on how healthcare computers or computing devices connect and how they send information (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

Lack of standards (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the current challenge in healthcare?

Defining, implementing, and bringing about widespread adoption of healthcare specific standards (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are some consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

Unexpected changes in the power structure (B) Signup and view all the answers

Are there currently any standards or policies in place that define and compel the use of informatics in healthcare settings?

No (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is a key driver of change in healthcare and highlights the growing importance of pharmacy informatics?

The push for patient safety (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the study of genetic variations that cause adverse biological reactions to pharmaceuticals?

Pharmacogenomics (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the use of nano-sized devices equipped with implanted controlled release mechanisms for drug delivery?

Nanotechnology (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the new way of thinking about healthcare that is being called 'digitally enabled genomic medicine'?

Digitally enabled healthcare (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the field of medicine that moves from overall standards of care to personalized care for individuals?

Personalized medicine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process of using DNA sequencing and understanding to explain and resolve certain illnesses and diseases?

Genomic medicine (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor driving the change towards pharmacy informatics study and practice?

High population putting high pressure on health facilities (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the current challenges in healthcare delivery in Ghana and most third world countries?

Low life expectancy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a historical factor that has driven the change in technologies and introduction of new technologies?

Need and depravity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the current states of drug discovery and introduction?

Overdependence on foreign discovery and introduction of medication (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of introducing informatics and systems in healthcare?

To ensure improvement in healthcare delivery (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

Lack of appropriate standards (D) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following medical inventions with their inventors and years of invention:

Stethoscope = Rene Laennec, 1816 Thermometer = Thomas Allbutt, 1867 X-rays = Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen, 1895 BP cuff, Sphygmomanometer = Harvey Cusshing, 1901 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following medical inventions with their accidental discoveries and years:

Penicillin = Alexander Fleming, 1929 Stethoscope = Rene Laennec, 1816 X-rays = Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen, 1895 Thermometer = Thomas Allbutt, 1867 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following medical inventions with their years of introduction in the US:

Stethoscope = 1837 Thermometer = 1867 X-rays = 1895 BP cuff, Sphygmomanometer = 1901 Signup and view all the answers

Unit 2

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the new way of thinking about healthcare that is being called 'digitally enabled genomic medicine'?

What is the process of using DNA sequencing and understanding to explain and resolve certain illnesses and diseases called?

What are biomarkers?

What is the term used to describe the use of nano-sized devices equipped with implanted controlled release mechanisms for drug delivery?

What is the term used to describe the study of genetic variations that cause adverse biological reactions to pharmaceuticals?

What is the term used to describe the field of medicine that moves from overall standards of care to personalized care for individuals?

What is driving the change towards pharmacy informatics study and practice?

What are some challenges in the current state of healthcare?

What is the current state of drug discovery and introduction?

Why is there a need for health informatics in Ghana and most third world countries?

What factors historically drive the change in technologies and introduction of new technologies?

What is the purpose of introducing informatics and systems in healthcare?

What are some examples of technological changes in the past that influenced medicine?

What is the significance of historical instances of technological discoveries in medicine?

How has information technology been a driver of change in healthcare?

What are some examples of technologies that are enhancing healthcare practice?

What are some examples of smart devices used in healthcare?

What is the role of biotechnology in driving change in health informatics?

What are some consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

What are the two types of standards in health informatics?

What do the standards in health informatics specify?

Are there currently any standards or policies in place that define and compel the use of informatics in healthcare settings?

What is the current challenge in healthcare?

Where are the lack of appropriate standards a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

What are patient safety solutions?

What are some examples of patient safety issues?

What are some barriers to the adoption of informatics in health and pharmaceutical institutions?

What is the range of informatics adoption in developed countries?

What is the informatics adoption rate in developing countries?

What is a financial barrier to informatics adoption?

What are some current factors driving the change towards pharmacy informatics study and practice?

What is the current situation of healthcare delivery in Ghana and most third world countries?

Why is there a need for health informatics in Ghana and most third world countries?

What is the current state of drug discovery and introduction?

What are some historical instances that have driven the change in technologies and introduction of new technologies?

What are some consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

What are some examples of patient safety issues that the alliance addressed?

What are some financial barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

What are some personnel related barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

What is one unintended consequence of technology or system adoption that can be a barrier to its adoption?

What is the range of informatics adoption in developed countries?

What is the informatics adoption rate in developing countries?

What are some consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

What is a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

What do the standards in health informatics specify?

What is the current challenge in healthcare?

Are there currently any standards or policies in place that define and compel the use of informatics in healthcare settings?

Where are the lack of appropriate standards a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

What are some examples of technological changes in medicine that have influenced healthcare practice?

What role does information technology play as a driver of change in healthcare?

How are smart devices enhancing healthcare practice?

What are visualization devices used for in healthcare?

What is the concept of telemedicine and telepharmacy?

How is biotechnology driving change in health informatics?

What is the term used to describe the use of nano-sized devices equipped with implanted controlled release mechanisms for drug delivery?

What is driving the change towards pharmacy informatics study and practice?

What is the process of using DNA sequencing and understanding to explain and resolve certain illnesses and diseases called?

What is the term used to describe the new way of thinking about healthcare that is being called "digitally enabled genomic medicine"?

What is the current state of drug discovery and introduction?

What is the term used to describe the field of medicine that moves from overall standards of care to personalized care for individuals?

What is the term used to describe the study of genotype to phenotype?

What is the term used to describe the field of medicine that moves from overall standards of care to personalized care for individuals?

What is the term used to describe the use of nano-sized devices equipped with implanted controlled release mechanisms for drug delivery?

What is the term used to describe the new way of thinking about healthcare that is being called 'digitally enabled genomic medicine'?

What are some examples of smart devices used in healthcare?

What are some examples of visualization devices used in healthcare?

Which of the following is NOT a barrier to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

What is one of the financial barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

What is one of the personnel related barriers to the adoption of informatics in healthcare institutions?

What is one of the consequences of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

What is the range of informatics adoption in developed countries?

What is the range of informatics adoption in developing countries?

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the lack of appropriate standards in health informatics?

What do the standards in health informatics include?

What is a significant technological barrier to health informatics?

What is the current challenge in healthcare?