Revision Notes - The Genius in Science

Study Notes

Revision Notes - The Genius in Science

Involuntary Muscles: Muscles that move automatically; you cannot control their movement
Voluntary Muscles: Muscles that can be controlled
Endocrine System: Responsible for controlling body temperature and blood pressure
Circulatory System: Transports blood, gases, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body
Respiratory System: Provides the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Digestive System: Converts complex food into simpler substances to produce energy
Nephrons: Microscopic filters that remove harmful substances from the blood
Urination: The process of expelling urine from the body
Diabetes: A disorder of the endocrine system
Insulin: A hormone that regulates the amount of sugar the body uses for energy
Excretory System: Stores and removes waste materials produced by cells
Urinary System: Removes waste materials from the blood in the form of urine, consisting of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
Kidney: Organ that cleans and filters the blood continuously
Insulin Pump: Device that helps diabetics control blood sugar levels with automatic insulin injections
Hormones: Help the body respond to different situations
Pancreas: An organ of the endocrine system that produces insulin
Electric Conductors: Materials that allow electric current or electrons to flow easily
Electric Insulators: Materials that do not allow electric current or electrons to flow easily
Electric Current: The flow of electric charges along a closed path
Electric Circuit: The path for transmitting electric current
Generator: Device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
Galvanometer: Device for detecting small electrical currents
Resistors: Components of an electric current
Magnetic Materials: Materials that are attracted to a magnet
Non-Magnetic Materials: Materials that are not attracted to a magnet
Switch: A tool in an electric circuit used to open and close the circuit
Series Circuit: Circuit where all components are connected in a single loop
Parallel Circuit: Circuit where components are connected in two or more paths
Gravity: The force of Earth that attracts all objects on its surface to its center
Magnetic Field: The area around a magnet in which magnetic force appears
Magnetism: The force that allows a magnet to attract some materials without making direct contact
Heart: A muscle that regularly pushes blood through the body
Artificial Pacemaker: Device that simulates heartbeats
Atom: The smallest structural unit of matter
Molecule: A group of atoms bonded together
Temperature: A measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules and atoms
Melting: The change of state from solid to liquid
Evaporation/Vaporization: The change of state from liquid to gas
Condensation: Change of state from gas to liquid
Freezing: The change of state from liquid to solid
Melting Point: The temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid
Boiling Point: The temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas
Solids: Substances with fixed shape and volume
Liquids: Substances with fixed volume and variable shape
Gases: Substances with variable shape and volume
Excretion: The process of removing waste materials from the body
Kidneys: Responsible for filtering waste materials from blood
Ureters: Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Bladder: Stores urine
Urethra: Tube that carries urine out of the body
Blood Sugar Levels: The amount of sugar in the blood
Pancreas Produces insulin