Reverse Osmosis and Phase Rule
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Questions and Answers

What is an advantage of reverse osmosis systems in terms of energy consumption?

  • They require less energy compared to other technologies. (correct)
  • They require more energy than demineralization.
  • They require the same amount of energy as other technologies.
  • They do not require any energy at all.

    • What is the primary application of reverse osmosis systems in water treatment?

  • Converting seawater into drinking water.
  • Removing colloidal silica from industrial water.
  • Purifying water for high-pressure boilers.
  • All of the above. (correct)

    • What is the minimum number of independent variables required to define a system completely?

  • Depends on the number of components (correct)
  • Two
  • Three
  • One

    • What is the phase rule related to?

    <p>Heterogeneous systems and equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a phase in the context of the phase rule?

    <p>A homogeneous, physically distinct portion of a system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for a system to be invariant?

    <p>F = 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the number of degrees of freedom (F) and the number of components (C) and phases (P) in the phase rule?

    <p>F=C-P+2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium represented by the curve OA in the phase diagram of water?

    <p>Liquid water and water vapour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a single phase in the context of the phase rule?

    <p>A mixture of oxygen and nitrogen gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of phases that can coexist in a one-component system?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the degree of freedom (F) and the number of components (C)?

    <p>F ∝ C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of the phase rule in a one-component system like water?

    <p>To predict the behaviour of water in a heterogeneous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the degree of freedom of the system at the triple point?

    <p>0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pressure at the triple point?

    <p>4.58 mm of Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that predicts the degree of freedom of a system?

    <p>F = C - P + 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature at the triple point?

    <p>0.0075°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of phases in the areas AOC, BOC, and AOB?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the degree of freedom of the system in the areas AOC, BOC, and AOB?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

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