Retinoscopy Mastery Quiz

Retinoscopy: Key Points

• The retinoscope uses a fixed bulb system and can create concave or plano mirror effects.
• The concave mirror position projects a more defined streak of light, while the plano mirror position projects a diffuse streak.
• The meridian in retinoscopy refers to the line along which the streak of light is moved, not the position of the streak.
• Principal meridians correspond to orientations that provide the thickest and thinnest reflexes, varying in different refractive errors.
• Break phenomenon is used to determine the principal meridians in an astigmatic eye, while the skew phenomenon involves the streak moving in one direction and the reflex in another.
• Three types of retinoscopy reflex motions exist: with, against, and neutral, each requiring different lens adjustments for neutralization.
• With motion reflex moves in the same direction as the streak, against motion moves in the opposite direction, and neutral motion remains constant as the streak moves across the pupil.
• The skiascopy technique involves using a bar and a fixation target at distance 20/400 with R/G filter, in a dark room to neutralize principal meridian movements.
• The procedure for retinoscopy involves identifying the most plus meridian, neutralizing it first, then neutralizing the second meridian, and recording findings in minus sphero-cylinder form.
• An optical cross is used with loose lenses or skiascopy bars to neutralize both meridians, and the working distance is factored in when recording findings.
• The gross retinoscopy is the initial findings, and the net retinoscopy is the final findings after adjusting for the working distance.
• For example, if neutralizing +3.00 with motion at 180 and +2.00 against motion at 090, the gross retinoscopy would be +3.00-1.00x180, and the net retinoscopy would be +1.00-1.00x180.