29 Questions
What is the required frequency for renewing orders for restraint or seclusion for children younger than 9 years?
Every hour
When should an in-person evaluation be conducted after initiating restraint or seclusion?
Within 1 hour
What is false imprisonment in the context of healthcare?
Unauthorized confinement of a person within fixed limits
Who is responsible for continuously monitoring patients who are simultaneously restrained and secluded?
Trained staff
In what circumstances should emergency commitments be sought?
When an individual displays dangerous behavior to themselves or others
What is the purpose of seeking emergency commitments according to the text?
To address dangerous behavior displayed to prevent harm to self or others
What distinguishes bioethics from ethics?
Bioethics is specific to medical, nursing, and allied health fields.
How is 'moral behavior' defined?
Moral behavior results from serious critical thinking about treating others.
What is the primary focus of values clarification?
Identifying and prioritizing personal values.
In the context of ethics, what do 'rights' refer to?
Expectations individuals are entitled to legally and ethically.
How does an 'absolute right' differ from a 'legal right'?
'Absolute right' has no restrictions, while 'legal right' is formalized into law.
What role does legislation play in ethical decision-making according to the text?
Legislation influences what is considered 'right' or 'good' within a society.
What was the nurse's primary mistake in the scenario provided?
Failure to comply with standards of care
In the context of the scenario, what could have prevented the client's death?
Adhering to the client's known allergies
What legal concept would apply if the nurse had intentionally administered the haloperidol despite knowing about the allergy?
Intentional tort
Which action by the nurse demonstrated a lack of competence and scope of practice?
Failure to know the client's history
What could have helped the nurse avoid liability in this situation?
Not practicing within the nurse's level of competence
In ethical decision making, which theory focuses on human knowledge of good and evil directing decision making?
Natural Law Theory
Which ethical theory promotes actions based on producing the most good (happiness) for the most people?
Utilitarianism
A nurse who believes in focusing on what is best for the individual making the decision is likely to operate from which ethical framework?
Ethical Egoism
Which ethical theory suggests that decisions and actions should be bound by a sense of duty?
Kantianism
What ethical approach is focused on following what is commanded by God in ethical decision making?
Divine Command Ethics
Ethical dilemmas require individuals to make choices between two equally unfavorable alternatives. Which theory could guide decision-making in such situations?
Kantianism
What legal term refers to the unconsented touching of another person?
Battery
In the context of psychiatric nursing, what is the written form of defamation known as?
Libel
Which legal term refers to the act that results in genuine fear that an individual will be touched without consent?
Assault
When a client threatens to sue for assault and battery, under what condition would the nurses be protected?
The client is voluntarily committed and poses a danger to others on the unit.
What legal action may a nurse be liable for if they share false or malicious information that is detrimental to a client's reputation?
Defamation of character
What is the term used for defamation when it is spoken?
Slander
Study Notes
Ethics and Legislation
- Nurses face difficult decisions regarding good and evil or life and death, which are influenced by legislation that determines what is "right" or "good" within a society.
Core Concepts
- Ethics: a branch of philosophy that deals with distinguishing right from wrong.
- Bioethics: ethics applied to concepts within the scope of medicine, nursing, and allied health.
- Moral behavior: conduct that results from serious critical thinking about how individuals should treat others.
- Values: personal beliefs about what is important and desirable.
- Values clarification: a process of self-exploration by which people identify and rank their own personal values.
- Right: an expectation to which an individual is entitled by established laws, policies, or ethical principles.
- Absolute right: when there is no restriction whatsoever on the individual's entitlement.
- Legal right: a right that society has agreed upon and formalized into law.
Ethical Considerations
- Utilitarianism: an ethical theory that promotes action based on the end result that produces the most good (happiness) for the most people.
- Kantianism: suggests that decisions and actions are bound by a sense of duty.
- Divine Command Ethics: an approach to ethical decision making that is focused on that which is commanded by God.
- Natural Law Theory: human knowledge of the difference between good and evil directs decision making.
- Ethical Egoism: decisions are based on what is best for the individual making the decision.
Ethical Dilemmas
- Ethical dilemmas are situations that require individuals to make a choice between two equally unfavorable alternatives.
Restraint and Seclusion
- Orders for restraint or seclusion must be renewed every 4 hours for adults, every 2 hours for children and adolescents, and every hour for children younger than 9 years.
- An in-person evaluation must be conducted within 1 hour of initiating restraint or seclusion.
- Patients who are simultaneously restrained and secluded must be continuously monitored by trained staff.
- False imprisonment: the deliberate and unauthorized confinement of a person within fixed limits by the use of verbal or physical means.
Hospitalization
- Voluntary admissions
- Involuntary commitments
- Emergency commitments: should be sought when an individual displays behavior that is clearly dangerous to themselves or others.
Types of Lawsuits
- Breach of confidentiality
- Defamation of character
- Libel: written false or malicious information that is detrimental to the client's reputation.
- Slander: spoken false or malicious information that is detrimental to the client's reputation.
- Invasion of privacy
- Assault and battery
- Assault: an act that results in genuine fear that the individual will be touched without consent.
- Battery: the unconsented touching of another person.
- False imprisonment
Avoiding Liability
- Effective communication
- Accurate and complete documentation in the medical record
- Complying with standards of care
- Knowing the client
- Practicing within the nurse's level of competence and scope of practice
Test your knowledge on the guidelines for orders of restraint and seclusion in healthcare settings, including renewal frequency and evaluation requirements. Understand the monitoring procedures for patients under simultaneous restraint and seclusion.
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