Electrical activity in the NS
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Questions and Answers

What is the resting membrane potential?

-70mV

What is the law by which action potentials arise?

All or none law

Phases of an action potential?

Threshold phase, depolarising phase, re-polarising phase, refractory period

What is an absolute refractory period?

<p>Neuron will not respond to additional stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a relative refractory period?

<p>Neuron will respond to additional stimulation - if it is strong enough</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is facilitation in the context of synapse transmission?

<p>Excitatory post synaptic potential (EPSP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is inhibition in the context of synapse transmission?

<p>Inhibitory post synaptic potential (IPSP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Basic overview of neurotransmitters?

<p>Synthesis and storage in presynaptic neuron, release by presynaptic axon terminal, produces response in postsynaptic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does acetylcholine act?

<p>Neuro-muscular junction (NMJ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does dopamine act?

<p>Basal ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do endorphins act?

<p>Inhibit pain by blocking substance P</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does substance P work?

<p>Enhances perception of pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do enkephalins work?

<p>Inhibit pain by suppressing release of substance P</p> Signup and view all the answers

2 types of summation?

<p>Spatial, temporal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is spatial summation?

<p>Input from multiple cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is temporal summation?

<p>Effect of a series of synaptic potentials that occur within milliseconds of each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Resting Membrane Potential

The electrical potential difference across the membrane of a neuron when it is at rest.

All-or-none Law

The principle that states that an action potential either occurs fully or not at all, regardless of the strength of the stimulus.

Phases of an Action Potential

The stages of an action potential, starting from the initial change in membrane potential until the neuron returns to its resting state.

Absolute Refractory Period

The period during which a neuron absolutely cannot fire another action potential, no matter how strong the stimulus.

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Relative Refractory Period

The period during which a neuron can fire another action potential, but only if the stimulus is stronger than usual.

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Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential (EPSP)

A change in the membrane potential of a postsynaptic neuron that makes it more likely to fire an action potential.

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Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential (IPSP)

A change in the membrane potential of a postsynaptic neuron that makes it less likely to fire an action potential.

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Neurotransmitters

Chemicals that transmit signals across synapses.

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Acetylcholine

The neurotransmitter responsible for muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction.

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Dopamine

A neurotransmitter primarily involved in movement, reward, and motivation.

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Endorphins

Naturally occurring painkillers in the brain.

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Substance P

A neurotransmitter that enhances the perception of pain.

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Enkephalins

Neurotransmitters that inhibit pain by blocking the release of Substance P.

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Spatial Summation

The process by which multiple presynaptic neurons combine their signals to influence a postsynaptic neuron.

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Temporal Summation

The process by which a single presynaptic neuron releases multiple signals in rapid succession to influence a postsynaptic neuron.

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