Responsible Lending and Entrepreneurship Insights
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Questions and Answers

What are two advantages of equity financing?

Equity financing does not require repayment and offers taxation advantages, as there are no interest payments involved.

Describe what debt finance is and provide an example.

Debt finance involves borrowing money from external sources, such as banks, to fund business operations; an example is a mortgage.

What is a key disadvantage of an overdraft in debt financing?

A key disadvantage of an overdraft is that it typically comes with a higher interest rate.

What are some uses of an overdraft facility for a business?

<p>Overdrafts are useful for covering unexpected expenses such as equipment failure, employee wages, and supplier invoices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a business prefer debt financing over equity financing?

<p>A business might prefer debt financing to avoid selling ownership stakes and incurring ongoing interest costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one requirement for obtaining an overdraft?

<p>One requirement for obtaining an overdraft is that the total amount borrowed must remain within the agreed limit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do location and demographics impact customer spending in business?

<p>Location influences foot traffic and visibility, while demographics provide insights into customer preferences and spending habits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the cost of debt finance vary for a business?

<p>The cost of debt finance can vary depending on the type of finance chosen, the source of the funds, and the length of time they are borrowed for.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What financial tool can help a business manage short-term cash flow needs?

<p>An overdraft can help businesses manage short-term cash flow needs effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between mass market and niche market?

<p>Mass market targets a broad audience with general products, whereas niche market focuses on specialized products for specific consumer segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What competitive advantages can a business gain through pricing strategies?

<p>A business can attract more customers by lowering prices, thereby increasing their market share.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of starting a business from scratch.

<p>An advantage is the freedom to set up the business as desired; a disadvantage is the high risk and uncertainty involved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do competitive advantages derived from innovative products differ from those from pricing?

<p>Innovative products focus on quality and unique features to attract customers, while pricing strategies compete mainly on cost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does understanding target markets play in effective marketing?

<p>Identifying target markets allows businesses to tailor their marketing strategies to meet specific consumer needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some challenges encountered when establishing a customer base for a new business?

<p>Challenges include difficulty in securing financing and the need for time to build relationships with customers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is virtual location important for online businesses?

<p>Virtual location affects the business's ranking on search engines, influencing visibility and accessibility to potential customers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three key obligations of responsible lenders regarding a consumer's financial situation?

<p>Responsible lenders must make inquiries about the consumer's financial situation, verify this information, and assess whether the credit contract is suitable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the deregulation introduced in 1973 affect investment opportunities in Australia?

<p>Deregulation removed rules governing how banks operate, leading to increased investment opportunities as banks could freely lend to individuals and businesses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define 'entrepreneur' and provide two examples of entrepreneurs in different industries.

<p>An entrepreneur is a person who builds a successful business in a new field. Examples include Steve Jobs in technology and Oprah Winfrey in media.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify and describe two personal characteristics important for an individual entrepreneur's success.

<p>Initiative is essential for taking action and seizing opportunities, while resilience allows entrepreneurs to cope with stress and recover from setbacks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) play in the banking system?

<p>APRA oversees authorised deposit-taking institutions (ADIs) to ensure their stability and compliance with regulations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how learning from failure contributes to the success of an entrepreneur.

<p>Learning from failure enables entrepreneurs to adapt their strategies, improve their business models, and increase their chances of future success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the factors responsible lenders must consider when assessing the suitability of a credit contract.

<p>Lenders must consider the consumer's financial situation, including their income, expenses, and credit history.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way did the removal of banking regulations affect individual borrowing in Australia?

<p>It facilitated easier access to credit for individuals, as banks could lend more freely without stringent operational rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main differences between quality control and quality assurance?

<p>Quality control is reactive and focuses on identifying defects through inspections, while quality assurance is proactive and ensures standards are met to achieve right-first-time objectives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does quality control potentially lead to increased wastage in production?

<p>Quality control can increase wastage as defective products are often disposed of after inspections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'fitness for purpose' mean in the context of quality assurance?

<p>'Fitness for purpose' refers to how well a product meets its intended design and performs its functions satisfactorily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the overall role of marketing in a business.

<p>Marketing plays a crucial role in maximizing sales, increasing brand awareness, and improving customer satisfaction to achieve profit maximization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is achieving 'right first-time' important in production?

<p>Achieving 'right first-time' is important because it minimizes the need for rework, saving time and resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of being self-employed?

<p>Lack of financial security due to no guaranteed income.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the difference between paid and unpaid tasks.

<p>Paid tasks are performed in exchange for income, while unpaid tasks do not provide any financial compensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'loading' refer to in employment?

<p>Loading is extra pay to compensate casual employees for their lack of access to entitlements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of 'pro-rata' benefits.

<p>Pro-rata benefits are a proportionate amount of normal full-time benefits based on hours worked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one challenge faced by individuals in a traineeship?

<p>They are often paid less than if they were fully qualified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are voluntary contributions typically aimed at?

<p>Voluntary contributions aim to enhance community welfare without financial compensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of self-employment?

<p>Freedom and flexibility to work where and when one chooses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit specific to apprenticeships?

<p>Apprenticeships provide training while working alongside experienced employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a crucial disadvantage of working from home.

<p>Struggling with motivation may be a significant challenge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a loading affect casual employees in Australia?

<p>Loading helps casual employees manage financial uncertainty due to lack of entitlements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence for the self-employed if they are sick?

<p>They might not earn any money unless they have insurance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the flexibility of working from home?

<p>Flexibility in hours and location can enhance personal productivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of voluntary roles such as surf lifesavers?

<p>To contribute positively to the community without financial gain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of combining employment and training in a traineeship?

<p>It allows for practical work experience while developing necessary qualifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Responsible Lenders

  • Responsible lenders must make reasonable inquiries regarding a borrower's financial situation.
  • Responsible lenders must verify the borrower's financial situation.
  • Lenders assess the suitability of credit contracts based on the above inquiries and verifications.

The Banking Royal Commission

  • Deregulation of banks in Australia started in 1973.
  • The Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) oversees Authorised Deposit-Taking Institutions (ADIs) like banks.
  • ADIs are authorized by the Banking Act 1959 to take deposits from customers.
  • ADIs pool deposits to provide loans and mortgages to individuals and businesses.

Being an Entrepreneur

  • An entrepreneur seeks to build a successful business in a new area. They are often considered innovative.
  • Successful entrepreneurs must possess initiative, innovation, resilience, and the ability to learn from failure.
  • Initiative means being resourceful, deciding what to do and when to do it.
  • Resilience is vital during stressful and unpredictable times.

Financing a Business

  • Equity Finance: Investment in a business where the investor acquires a share of ownership.
    • The owner does not have to repay the investment.
    • Taxation advantages exist.
  • Debt Finance: Short-term (overdraft) and long-term (mortgage) borrowing from external sources by a business.
    • The cost of finance (interest) depends on the type of finance, source, and length of time.

Overdrafts

  • Available at short notice.
  • Offer flexibility.
  • Higher interest rates (around 10% p.a.).
  • Banks can demand repayments at any time.
  • Suitable for businesses needing to cover employee wages, stock purchases, supplier invoices, or covering unexpected expenses.
  • Smaller amounts (less than $100,000).
  • Requires no security and is available at short notice.

Business Location

  • Brick and Mortar stores: Location significantly impacts success.
  • Online Businesses: Virtual location matters for Google search ranking.

Business Demographics

  • Population characteristics affect customer spending, including age, ethnicity, gender, marital status, family size, and income.
  • Understanding demographic changes is vital for business success.

Competition

  • Mass market: Broad market (e.g., Coles, Westfield brands).
  • Niche market: Specialized market (e.g., vegan food products, high fashion).
  • Develop a competitive advantage through:
    • Lowering price for a wider market share.
    • Offering a different or innovative product with better quality or enhanced customer service.

Target Markets

  • Determining who will buy the good or service is fundamental to marketing.

Starting a Business

  • Start from scratch:
    • Owner has complete freedom over business setup.
    • High risk and uncertainty.
    • Difficulty in securing finance.
    • Time is needed to develop a customer base, hire staff, and establish supplier lines of credit.
    • Profits may not be generated quickly, and start-up time can be slow.
    • Flexibility to choose location, target markets, and growth pace.

Quality Control & Assurance

  • Quality Control: Uses inspections and sampling to proactively reduce production problems.
    • Labor training is crucial to apply standards throughout the process.
    • Products are inspected, and defective products are disposed of, leading to potential waste.
  • Quality Assurance: A system ensuring pre-set standards are consistently reached during production.
    • Aiming for 'fitness for purpose' and 'right-first-time' objectives.

Marketing

  • Marketing involves strategic development strategies designed to maximize sales, increase brand awareness, and improve customer satisfaction, ultimately achieving the goal of profit maximization.

Employment Types

  • Self-employed:
    • Individuals work for themselves.
    • Freedom and flexibility to work wherever and whenever.
    • There is no guaranteed income and lack of financial security.
    • They must pay for their own entitlements.
    • No income is earned if sick unless insurance exists.
    • Tax advantages.
  • At home:
    • Boss pays the employee to work from home.
    • Flexibility exists, but motivation can be a challenge.
  • Voluntary:
    • No financial payment is provided.
    • Contribute to the community and find satisfaction helping others.
    • No money is earned.
  • Apprenticeship:
    • Workplace pays the individual to learn a job while working alongside experienced employees.
    • Earn less than a fully qualified employee.
    • Boss provides the required equipment.
  • Traineeship:
    • Combines employment and training to gain qualifications.
    • Work part-time, allowing study.
    • Promotion after completing training.

Payment Terms

  • Paid work involves performing services for an hour or more per week in exchange for income.
  • Unpaid work is performed without receiving income.
  • Entitlements: Non-wage benefits such as long service leave or sick leave.
  • Pro-rata: Proportion of normal full-time benefits related to hours worked.
  • Loading: Extra pay given to compensate casual employees because they do not have access to all entitlements.

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Description

Explore key concepts in responsible lending practices, the impact of the Banking Royal Commission in Australia, and essential traits of successful entrepreneurs. This quiz covers inquiries lenders must make, the historical context of banking regulation, and the qualities that drive entrepreneurial success.

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