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Questions and Answers
What is most commonly associated with tripoding?
What sound, when heard over the Apex of the heart in adults, may signify CHF?
A dry, nonproductive cough is typically associated with restrictive lung disease such as pulmonary fibrosis and what other condition?
What volume of hemoptysis within a 24-hour period is considered a medical emergency?
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What is the most common route for an indwelling arterial vascular line?
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'This form of airway clearance consists of repeated cycles of breathing control, thoracic expansion, and FET.' What is this technique?
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How long does a chronic cough last?
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Which of the following is NOT an element of respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette?
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Which vital sign is NOT included in basic vital signs?
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What are additional sounds or vibrations produced by air movement through diseased airways called?
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How should properly sized Oropharyngeal Airways (OPA) be measured?
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What should be the position of the filter when manually ventilating a patient on respiratory precautions during transport?
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Which action is NOT recommended to avoid complications during suctioning?
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How far above the carina should the distal tip of a properly positioned endotracheal tube be in a male patient?
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Which component of the endotracheal tube ensures gas flow in case the main port becomes obstructed?
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For an LMA tube, how much air volume is required to inflate the cuff and seal the airway?
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What is the primary cause of the second heart sound (S2)?
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Which term describes the absence of breathing?
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What can be a contributing factor in weakening or impairing the diaphragm?
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During instruction on Incentive Spirometry (IS), what should the patient be informed to do?
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What is a major contributing factor in the development of postoperative atelectasis?
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Which protective reflex is considered the most important?
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When selecting HFNC, a benefit associated with usage is:
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When performing ABG collection preparation, which item is NOT necessary?
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What is the recommended maximum total suction time when suctioning a patient?
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An effective cough depends upon the ability of al the following, EXCEPT:
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Which of the following is NOT considered noncritical medical equipment?
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What sound heard over the Apex of the heart in adults may signify CHF?
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What is a common route for an in-dwelling arterial vascular line?
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Which technique consists of repeated cycles of breathing control, thoracic expansion, and FET?
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Which type of suctioning is indicated for patients without an artificial airway but with retained secretions?
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What should be administered 15 minutes before suctioning for patients with increased ICP?
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What is the recommended suction pressure for a pediatric patient?
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Prior to suctioning, how long should 100% oxygen be delivered to pediatric and adult patients?
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What is the recommended range for maintaining tracheal cuff pressures in adult patients?
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Which bedside method is NOT typically used to assess endotracheal tube position?
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Which laryngoscope blade directly displaces the epiglottis during intubation?
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What size Macintosh or Miller blade is commonly used to intubate patients?
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What term is used to describe infections that develop in the hospital setting?
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When preparing to draw an ABG, which artery provides the best collateral circulation?
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What is the best practice for minimizing complications during suctioning?
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What disease is characterized by permanently damaging and dilating airways prone to obstruction due to retained secretions?
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Which airway clearance technique involves manually striking the chest wall with cupped hands in a rhythmic fashion?
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In what patient population is Manual Assisted Cough (Quad Cough) useful?
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If a patient with ALS no longer tolerates manually assisted cough, what alternative form of ACT can be offered?
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Which outcome is NOT typically associated with High-Flow Nasal Cannula therapy?
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What is the term for the form of dyspnea that occurs when a patient with unilateral lung disease lies with the affected side in the down position?
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Where will a patient with stridor present with obstruction?
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When obtaining an ABG, what should the patient's medical record be assessed for?
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True or False: Oropharyngeal airways can be used as a bite block for patients with oral tubes.
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Which of the following is NOT a hazard or complication of Incentive Spirometry?
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A patient’s respirations are characterized by a gradual increase and then a gradual decrease in the depth of breathing, followed by a period of apnea which may last several seconds. This pattern is known as which of the following?
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Incentive spirometry devices can generally be characterized as which of the following?
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Cardiac murmurs are created by all of the following factors, EXCEPT?
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Which of the following clinical situations may cause the trachea to shift to the right?
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The techniques that may be used when attempting to insert an oropharyngeal airway include:
- The jaw-lift technique is used to displace the tongue.
- The airway is lubricated with a water-soluble agent to ease insertion.
- Displacement of the tongue into the back of the pharynx.
- The tongue is displaced away from the roof of the mouth with a tongue depressor.
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Jugular venous distention (JVD) is present when the jugular vein is enlarged and can be seen more than ___ cm above the sternal angle.
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The Biot respiration pattern is composed of chaotic breathing characterized by frequent irregularity in both rate and tidal volume that eventually deteriorates into _____ breathing?
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Fine crackles, which is defined as the sudden opening of peripheral airways, are caused by:
- Atelectasis
- Asthma
- Fibrosis
- Pulmonary edema
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If intubation fails, immediate ventilation and oxygenation of the patient for ___ to ___ minutes before the next attempt should occur:
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During ________, the patient uses diaphragmatic breathing to mobilize secretions by varying lung volumes and expiratory airflow in three distinct phases.
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In patients with COPD, CF, or bronchiectasis, this form of ACT technique is particularly useful in these patients who are prone to airway collapse during normal coughing:
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Healthcare workers with fever can provide patient care, as long as they have a mask on?
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Patients undergoing PEP therapy must have high enough expiratory flow to generate pressure in the range of ____chH2O.
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What example does not fall under the noncritical category in infected risk categories?
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When obtaining a capillary blood gas sample, the site should be warmed to?
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The MIE delivers a positive pressure breath of to cmH2O over a 1- to 3- second period via a face mask or airway.
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Elements of respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette include all of the following, EXCEPT?
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When monitoring your patient on CPAP, it is important to remember that it poses a risk of?
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Weakening or impairment of the diaphragm can be a contributing factor of?
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Breathing characterized by prolonged inspiratory pause at full inspiration typically lasting 2 to 3 seconds?
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These types of breath sounds may be preset as the lung become more consolidated with atelectasis?
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A mother would like for her 20yo son to be able to perform ACT on his own at home. What are you teaching him?
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The position that best facilitates the insertion of an oral endotracheal tube is the _____ position.
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Hazards and complications of CPAP therapy includes all of the following EXCPET:
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In patients with COPD, CF, or bronchiectasis, this form of ACT technique is particularly useful in these patients who are prone to airway collapse during normal coughing:
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Study Notes
Suctioning
- Equipment not indicated for suctioning: ETT Cuff manometer
- For infants, the diameter of the suction catheter should be 40% of the internal diameter of the airway
- Total suctioning time should be kept to less than 15 seconds
- Healthcare workers with fever can provide patient care, but must wear a mask
Suctioning in Pediatrics
- Suction pressure for children should be set to 80 to 100 mmHg
Suctioning Techniques
- Closed suctioning is indicated for patients who require suctioning more than 6 times
- Tracheal suctioning is indicated for patients who have retained secretions but do not have an artificial airway
- Nasotracheal suctioning is a type of suctioning technique
Infection Control
- HAI stands for Hospital-associated infection
- Elements of respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette include:
- Hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions
- Education of healthcare personnel, patients, and visitors
- Posted signs in appropriate language for patients and family members
- Spatial separation of <3 feet from persons with respiratory infections
- Basic vital signs include pulse rate, blood pressure, sensorium, and oxygen saturation
Airway Management
- The epiglottis is displaced directly by advancing a Macintosh blade
- When intubating a male patient, the average length to the teeth of the tip of the ETT tube is 23cm
- A size 4 Macintosh or Miller blade is commonly used to intubate patients
- The position that best facilitates the insertion of an oral endotracheal tube is the sniffer's position
Respiratory Care
- A dry, nonproductive cough is typically seen in restrictive lung disease such as pulmonary fibrosis
- Massive hemoptysis is a medical emergency commonly defined as more than 200mL within 24-hour time period
- The most common route for an in-dwelling arterial vascular line is the radial artery
- A decrease in pH parameters can be observed when the air is observed in the ABG sample
Ventilation
- Hazards and complications of CPAP therapy include:
- Hypoventilation
- Nosocomial infection
- Hyperventilation
- Hemoptysis
- Benefits of HFNC include washing out CO2 from the anatomic dead space
- A benefit of enhanced flow HFNC is washing out CO2 from the anatomic dead space
Respiratory Therapy
- This form of airway clearance consists of repeated cycles of breathing control, thoracic expansion, and FET
- Autogenic Drainage is a type of airway clearance
- Manual Assisted Cough (Quad Cough) is a type of airway clearance
- Directed cough is a type of airway clearance### Respiratory Care
- Infections that develop in the hospital are called hospital-onset or nosocomial infections.
- To avoid complications of suctioning, the RT needs to preoxygenate, use sterile technique, and limit negative pressure and suction time.
- The cuff on an LMA tube requires a large volume of air to inflate to 60 cmH2O to seal the airway.
- A patient with respiratory infections should be 3 feet away from others in a waiting area.
- Nasotracheal suctioning should be performed with the patient in the sniffing position.
- Suctioning should not be performed on a preset schedule, but rather as needed.
- Sputum that has pus in it is termed purulent.
Endotracheal Tubes
- The distal tip of a properly positioned endotracheal tube in a male patient should be 4-6 cm above the carina.
- The Murphy's eye is a component of an ETT that ensures gas flow if the main port becomes obstructed.
Arterial Blood Gas
- The radial artery provides the best collateral circulation when preparing to draw an ABG.
Health Care-Associated Infections
- Contact transmission of infections can be divided into direct and indirect contact.
- The primary source of infectious agents in a healthcare setting is humans.
- Patients with respiratory infections should be 3 feet away from others in a waiting area.
Suctioning
- The maximum size of a catheter that can be used for suctioning through an 8-mm ETT is 10 Fr.
- When suctioning, the patient should be preoxygenated with 100% oxygen for 30-60 seconds beforehand.
- The correct suction pressure that must be set for a pediatric patient is 80-120 mmHg.
Pulse Oximetry
- To test the functioning of a pulse oximeter, the clinician should place the probe on their finger.
Lung Expansion Therapy
- The primary indication for lung expansion therapy is atelectasis.
Acid-Base Balance
- A pH of 7.24, PaCO2 of 55, and HCO3 of 27 is an example of partially compensated respiratory acidosis.
Infection Control
- Bronchoscopes do not fall under the noncritical category in infected risk categories.
Pulse Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Therapy
The Basics of PEMF Therapy
- PEMF therapy is a non-invasive, drug-free approach that uses electromagnetic fields to promote healing and improve various aspects of health.
How PEMF Therapy Works
- PEMF therapy stimulates the production of ATP in cells, leading to improved cellular function.
- PEMF therapy can enhance cellular communication, stimulate tissue repair, and reduce inflammation.
Applications of PEMF Therapy
- PEMF therapy has been studied for a wide range of health conditions, including pain relief, depression and mood disorders, wound healing, sleep quality, and bone healing.
Safety and Side Effects
- PEMF therapy is generally considered safe, but potential side effects include headaches, skin irritation, and nausea.
The Future of PEMF Therapy
- PEMF therapy has a growing body of research supporting its effectiveness, but more studies are needed to fully understand its potential benefits and limitations.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on setting suction pressure, oxygen delivery, and cuff pressures for pediatric and adult patients in respiratory therapy. Includes questions on recommended ranges for different procedures.
