Respiratory System Quiz
24 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  • Regulation of body temperature
  • Exchange of nutrients and waste between the organism and the environment
  • Support of the immune system
  • Exchange of respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) between the organism and the environment (correct)

    • What is the process of breathing in the respiratory system?

  • Transport of gases (via bloodstream), exchange of CO2 for O2 (cellular level)
  • Exchange of O2 for CO2
  • Breathing (ventilation), exchange of O2 for CO2, transport of gases (via bloodstream), exchange of CO2 for O2 (cellular level) (correct)
  • Exchange of CO2 for O2 (cellular level), transport of gases (via bloodstream)

    • What is the function of the conducting portion of the respiratory system?

  • Exchange of respiratory gases
  • Transport of gases
  • Conduction of air to the lungs (correct)
  • Support of the immune system

    • What is the function of the respiratory portion of the respiratory system?

    <p>Gas exchange at the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Modulation of the temperature of the inspired air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the olfactory mucosa?

    <p>Olfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the epithelial type found in the vestibule of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Stratified squamous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the epithelial type found in the respiratory region of the nasal cavity?

    <p>Pseudostratified ciliated columnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells in the alveoli are responsible for manufacturing surfactant?

    <p>Type II pneumocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory bronchioles?

    <p>To provide a pathway for air to enter the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the wall of respiratory bronchioles?

    <p>It is interrupted by outpocketings (alveoli)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alveolar macrophages?

    <p>To remove dust and debris from the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of alveolar ducts?

    <p>They have a linear arrangement of alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pores of Kohn?

    <p>To regulate air pressure in the pulmonary segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the alveolar sac?

    <p>It is a cluster of alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the respiratory portion of the lung?

    <p>It is where gas exchange occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique feature of the tracheal cartilages in birds?

    <p>They form complete rings encircling the airway, overlapping and interlocking with adjacent rings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the secondary bronchi in the avian respiratory system?

    <p>They open into an abdominal air sac.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the air spaces (atria) in the avian respiratory system?

    <p>They contain smooth muscle and are lined by squamous cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tympaniform membranes in the avian respiratory system?

    <p>They are analogous to the mammalian vocal cords and vibrate during sound production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the larynx in the avian respiratory system?

    <p>It is simple and devoid of vocal folds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tertiary bronchi (parabronchi) in the avian respiratory system?

    <p>They interconnect the secondary bronchi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the respiratory epithelium in the avian nasal cavity?

    <p>It is similar to the mammalian respiratory epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the trachealis muscle in the avian respiratory system?

    <p>It is absent, allowing for a more rigid trachea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Respiratory System

    • Primary function: exchange of respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) between the organism and the environment
    • Process of respiration: breathing, exchange of O2 for CO2, transport of gases, and cellular exchange of CO2 for O2

    Components

    • Conducting portion: larger conduits (extrapulmonary) and smaller components (intrapulmonary)
    • Respiratory portion: completely intrapulmonary

    Conducting Portion

    • Extrapulmonary regions: nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi
    • Intrapulmonary regions: intrapulmonary bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles
    • Supported by a skeleton composed of bone and/or cartilage

    Nasal Cavity

    • Modulation of the temperature of the inspired air
    • Olfactory mucosa: modified mucosa for olfaction
    • 3 regions: vestibule, respiratory region, and olfactory region

    Vestibule

    • Rostral: relatively thick keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
    • Midvestibule: thinner and non-keratinized epithelium
    • Caudal: transition zone; stratified cuboidal to non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium
    • Special features: vibrissae (tactile hair)

    Respiratory Region

    • Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
    • Caudal 2/3 of nasal cavity proper
    • Mucosity: epithelium with Clara cells and cuboidal cells, some with cilia

    Respiratory Portion

    • Begins with branches of the terminal bronchiole, known as respiratory bronchioles
    • Wall is interrupted by outpocketings (alveoli)

    Alveoli

    • Single, sac-like space
    • Primary structural and functional unit of the respiratory system
    • Thin walls permit gas exchange
    • Small outpouchings of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, and alveolar sac
    • Large number, frequently pressed against each other
    • CT interstitium in between is eliminated
    • Areas of close contact: air spaces communicate through an alveolar pore (pores of Kohn)

    Alveoli Cells

    • Type I pneumocytes: forms the lining
    • Type II pneumocytes (septal cells): cells manufacturing surfactant, usually in regions where alveoli are separated by a septum

    Other Cells in the Alveoli

    • Alveolar Macrophage (Dust Cells): migrate between type I pneumocytes and enter the lumen, assist type II pneumocytes in uptake of surfactant

    Avian Respiratory System

    • Nasal cavity: epithelia similar to mammals
    • Respiratory epithelium: groups of goblet cells form intraepithelial glands
    • Infraorbital sinuses: drain into the nasal cavity, lined by respiratory epithelium
    • Larynx: simple, devoid of vocal folds, produces little sound
    • Syrinx: voice box, specialized region of the tracheobronchial junction, tympaniform membranes, analogous to the mammalian vocal cords, vibrate during production of sound

    Avian Trachea

    • Cartilages form complete rings encircling the airway, overlapping and interlocking with adjacent rings
    • Trachealis muscle: absent
    • Trachea does not undergo phasic changes in diameter during breathing

    Avian Bronchi

    • Extrapulmonary primary bronchi → intrapulmonary primary bronchi (mesobronchi) → terminates by:
      • Opening into an abdominal air sac
      • Secondary bronchi arising from each mesobronchi
    • Tertiary bronchi (parabronchi) interconnect the secondary bronchi
    • Air spaces (atria) – open into parabronchi, projecting tips of interatrial septa contain smooth muscle and are lined by squamous cells
    • Air capillaries – arise from the base of the atria

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz covers the primary function and process of respiration, including breathing, gas exchange, and transportation of gases in the human body.

    More Like This

    Human Physiology Chapter 8: Respiratory System I
    30 questions

    Human Physiology Chapter 8: Respiratory System I

    ProductiveColumbus avatar
    ProductiveColumbus
    Human Respiratory System
    5 questions

    Human Respiratory System

    CharitableOboe avatar
    CharitableOboe
    Respiratory System Anatomy
    10 questions

    Respiratory System Anatomy

    WorldFamousFoxglove avatar
    WorldFamousFoxglove
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser