Respiratory System Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which cell type is the most abundant in the typical respiratory epithelium?

  • Goblet cells (correct)
  • Basal cells
  • Brush cells
  • Small granule cells

    • What disorder causes infertility in men and chronic respiratory tract infections?

  • Goblet cell disorder
  • Basal cell disorder
  • Immotile cilia syndrome (correct)
  • Small granule cell disorder

    • What is the main function of respiratory epithelium?

  • Vision
  • Nutrient absorption
  • Muscle contraction
  • Gas exchange between air and blood (correct)

    • Which component is deficient in some cases leading to immobility of cilia and flagella?

    <p>Dynein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many cilia are typically present on each apical surface of a ciliated columnar cell?

    <p>~300 cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is responsible for supplying adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for ciliary beating?

    <p>Ciliated columnar cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is the most abundant in the respiratory epithelium?

    <p>Ciliated columnar cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the mucous droplets in goblet cells?

    <p>To trap pathogens and particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells express signal transduction components similar to gustatory cells?

    <p>Brush cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of brush cells in the respiratory epithelium?

    <p>Possess a tuft of short microvilli on their apical surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the basement membrane in the respiratory epithelium?

    <p>To provide structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are considered to be chemosensory receptors in the respiratory epithelium?

    <p>Brush cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is the olfactory epithelium?

    <p>Pseudostratified epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure connects the olfactory epithelium to the brain?

    <p>Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lamina propria in the nasopharynx?

    <p>Contains mucous and serous glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cartilage reinforces the wall of the larynx according to the text?

    <p>Hyaline cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis in the larynx?

    <p>Prevents swallowed food or fluid from entering the trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the dendrites of olfactory neurons located?

    <p>At the luminal ends with specialized cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of basal cells in the respiratory epithelium?

    <p>Are small rounded cells on the basement membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which portion of the respiratory system do warming, moistening, and air filtration occur?

    <p>Nasal cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of conducting portion structures in the respiratory system?

    <p>Warm, moisten, and filter air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do brush cells play in the respiratory epithelium?

    <p>Secrete mucus for lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells touch the basement membrane in a ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

    <p>Ciliated cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the external vestibule in the nasal cavities?

    <p>Filters out particulate material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium covers the entire lingual surface of the epiglottis?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of glands are found in the lamina propria beneath the epithelium of the epiglottis?

    <p>Mixed mucous and serous glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of epithelium covers the lower pair of folds in the larynx?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the vocalis muscles in the larynx?

    <p>Regulate the tension of each vocal fold and its ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the upper pair of folds in the larynx known as vestibular folds or false vocal cords?

    <p>Partly covered with typical respiratory epithelium beneath which lie numerous seromucous glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens as expelled air is forced between the vocal folds in the larynx?

    <p>Variable tension produces different sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

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