Respiratory System Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which cell type is the most abundant in the typical respiratory epithelium?

  • Goblet cells (correct)
  • Basal cells
  • Brush cells
  • Small granule cells

What disorder causes infertility in men and chronic respiratory tract infections?

  • Goblet cell disorder
  • Basal cell disorder
  • Immotile cilia syndrome (correct)
  • Small granule cell disorder

What is the main function of respiratory epithelium?

  • Vision
  • Nutrient absorption
  • Muscle contraction
  • Gas exchange between air and blood (correct)

Which component is deficient in some cases leading to immobility of cilia and flagella?

<p>Dynein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cilia are typically present on each apical surface of a ciliated columnar cell?

<p>~300 cilia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is responsible for supplying adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for ciliary beating?

<p>Ciliated columnar cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is the most abundant in the respiratory epithelium?

<p>Ciliated columnar cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the mucous droplets in goblet cells?

<p>To trap pathogens and particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells express signal transduction components similar to gustatory cells?

<p>Brush cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of brush cells in the respiratory epithelium?

<p>Possess a tuft of short microvilli on their apical surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the basement membrane in the respiratory epithelium?

<p>To provide structural support (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are considered to be chemosensory receptors in the respiratory epithelium?

<p>Brush cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium is the olfactory epithelium?

<p>Pseudostratified epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure connects the olfactory epithelium to the brain?

<p>Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lamina propria in the nasopharynx?

<p>Contains mucous and serous glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cartilage reinforces the wall of the larynx according to the text?

<p>Hyaline cartilage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epiglottis in the larynx?

<p>Prevents swallowed food or fluid from entering the trachea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the dendrites of olfactory neurons located?

<p>At the luminal ends with specialized cilia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of basal cells in the respiratory epithelium?

<p>Are small rounded cells on the basement membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which portion of the respiratory system do warming, moistening, and air filtration occur?

<p>Nasal cavities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of conducting portion structures in the respiratory system?

<p>Warm, moisten, and filter air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do brush cells play in the respiratory epithelium?

<p>Secrete mucus for lubrication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells touch the basement membrane in a ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

<p>Ciliated cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the external vestibule in the nasal cavities?

<p>Filters out particulate material (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium covers the entire lingual surface of the epiglottis?

<p>Stratified squamous epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of glands are found in the lamina propria beneath the epithelium of the epiglottis?

<p>Mixed mucous and serous glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of epithelium covers the lower pair of folds in the larynx?

<p>Stratified squamous epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vocalis muscles in the larynx?

<p>Regulate the tension of each vocal fold and its ligaments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the upper pair of folds in the larynx known as vestibular folds or false vocal cords?

<p>Partly covered with typical respiratory epithelium beneath which lie numerous seromucous glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens as expelled air is forced between the vocal folds in the larynx?

<p>Variable tension produces different sounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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