Respiratory System- Week 5

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Questions and Answers

What role does the chemoreceptors in the brain and peripheries play in the respiratory system?

Controlling the rate of heartbeat

Filtering toxins in the blood

Monitoring CO2 and pH levels in the blood (correct)

Regulating body temperature

What is the function of pulmonary circulation in the respiratory system?

Filtering oxygen from carbon dioxide

Producing red blood cells

Regulating blood pressure

Moving blood to and from alveolocapillary membrane (correct)

What is hypoventilation?

Increased oxygenation at the cellular level

Adequate alveolar ventilation to meet oxygen demands

Excessive ventilation leading to low CO2 levels

Inadequate alveolar ventilation to meet oxygen demands (correct)

What can cause hypoxia according to the text?

Poor tissue perfusion with oxygenated blood Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle risk factor is associated with poor oxygenation according to the text?

Substance abuse Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pulmonary artery according to the text?

Brings deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs Signup and view all the answers

'Alterations in Respiratory Function' can be caused by which condition?

'Decreased diffusion (pneumonia)' Signup and view all the answers

Why does hyperventilation occur according to the text?

Excessive ventilation beyond what is needed Signup and view all the answers

What can cause hypoventilation?

Severe atelectasis Signup and view all the answers

What physiological factor is identified as affecting oxygenation?

Pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological underlying cause of dyspnea?

inability to exchange oxygen into the blood stream Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is part of airway maintenance for patients with respiratory issues?

Incentive spirometry Signup and view all the answers

What is a common pharmacological measure used in dyspnea management?

Mucolytics Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used in artificial airways maintenance and promotion of lung expansion?

Nebulization Signup and view all the answers

What is a common non-pharmacological technique for managing dyspnea?

Biofeedback Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chest physiotherapy in airway maintenance?

To aid in secretion clearance Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of clubbed nails indicate in relation to the respiratory system?

Prolonged oxygen deficiency Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used for promoting oxygenation in patients?

Diaphragmatic breathing Signup and view all the answers

During auscultation of the lungs, what may adventitious breath sounds indicate?

Fluid in the lungs Signup and view all the answers

'Pursed-lip breathing' is a type of breathing exercise that is often recommended for individuals with:

"Asthma/ COPD" Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the hollow, air-filled sound heard upon percussion of the lungs?

Resonance Signup and view all the answers

"Tracheal suctioning" is a technique primarily used for clearing secretions from the:

Trachea Signup and view all the answers

In relation to palpation of the respiratory system, what is tactile fremitus used to detect?

Fluid in the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a physiological technique used in managing dyspnea?

Medication Signup and view all the answers

What may retraction and sinking of skin between intercostal spaces indicate during chest wall movement inspection?

Prolonged oxygen deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the respiratory system is assessed by noting the anteroposterior diameter of the chest wall?

Chest wall expansion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an Endotracheal (ET) airway?

To maintain an open airway during anesthesia or emergency intubation Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may hyper-resonance upon percussion of the lungs suggest?

Emphysema Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemoreceptors and Respiratory Function

Chemoreceptors in the brain and peripheries play a crucial role in regulating respiratory function by detecting changes in CO2 and O2 levels.

Pulmonary Circulation

The primary function of pulmonary circulation is to oxygenate deoxygenated blood and remove CO2 from the body.

Hypoventilation and Hypoxia

Hypoventilation occurs when the lungs are unable to take in sufficient oxygen, leading to decreased oxygen levels in the blood.
Hypoxia can be caused by a range of factors, including respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, and pulmonary edema.

Pulmonary Artery and Oxygenation

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, where oxygenation takes place.
Poor oxygenation is associated with a lifestyle risk factor: physical inactivity.

Alterations in Respiratory Function

Alterations in respiratory function can be caused by conditions such as pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Hyperventilation

Hyperventilation occurs when the body responds to acid-base imbalances, anxiety, or stress by increasing breathing rate.

Respiratory Factors and Interventions

Physiological factors affecting oxygenation include respiratory rate, tidal volume, and gas exchange in the lungs.
Dyspnea is caused by an imbalance between the body's oxygen demand and the respiratory system's ability to meet that demand.
Airway maintenance for patients with respiratory issues involves techniques such as suctioning and chest physiotherapy.
Pharmacological measures used in dyspnea management include oxygen therapy.
Non-pharmacological techniques for managing dyspnea include diaphragmatic breathing exercises and relaxation techniques.
The purpose of chest physiotherapy is to promote lung expansion and mucus clearance.

Assessment and Diagnosis

The presence of clubbed nails indicates chronic respiratory disease or cardiopulmonary disease.
Tactile fremitus is used to detect vibrations in the chest wall during palpation.
Adventitious breath sounds during auscultation may indicate respiratory disease or infection.
Hyper-resonance upon percussion of the lungs suggests conditions such as emphysema or pneumothorax.

Breathing Techniques and Interventions

Pursed-lip breathing is a breathing exercise recommended for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The primary purpose of an endotracheal (ET) airway is to establish a secure airway in patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
Suctioning is a technique used to clear secretions from the trachea.
Chest inspection involves noting the anteroposterior diameter of the chest wall to assess symmetry and respiratory function.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy, physiology, factors affecting oxygenation, alterations in respiratory functioning, and nursing process related to the respiratory system. Includes topics like respiratory control, chemoreceptors, pulmonary circulation, and more.