Respiratory System: Nose and Nasal Cavity
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause for an increase in breathing rate?

  • High O2 concentration in the blood
  • Elevated CO2 concentration in the blood (correct)
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Low pH levels in the blood

What stimulates an increase in breathing rate during strenuous exercise?

  • Decreased CO2 levels
  • High levels of O2 in the muscles
  • Low H+ levels in the blood
  • Excess lactate production (correct)

In which scenario is a large drop in O2 needed to stimulate chemoreceptors and increase breathing?

  • During rest
  • When asleep
  • At high altitudes (correct)
  • During exercise

What defines the saturation rate concerning hemoglobin?

<p>How many hemoglobin are filled with O2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of fetal blood's hemoglobin?

<p>Higher affinity for O2 than adult hemoglobin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of lower pH on hemoglobin regarding oxygen dissociation?

<p>Reduced O2 dissociation from hemoglobin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the cilia in the nose?

<p>To push mucus and debris towards the throat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the laryngopharynx split into?

<p>Larynx anteriorly and esophagus posteriorly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epiglottis?

<p>To close off the trachea during swallowing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure marks the beginning of the respiratory zone?

<p>Respiratory bronchiole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alveolar macrophages?

<p>To protect against pathogens and debris (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is responsible for causing lung contraction during breathing?

<p>Intra-alveolar pressure exceeding intrapleural pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does thoracic wall compliance refer to in relation to breathing?

<p>Ease of expanding the thoracic wall during breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is tidal volume in relation to pulmonary ventilation?

<p>Volume of air entering lungs during normal breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines inspiratory reserve volume in the respiratory system?

<p>Amount of air beyond tidal inspiration that can be forcefully inhaled (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the functional residual capacity in terms of lung function?

<p>Amount of air left after tidal expiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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