Respiratory System: Nose and Nasal Cavity
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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause for an increase in breathing rate?

  • High O2 concentration in the blood
  • Elevated CO2 concentration in the blood (correct)
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Low pH levels in the blood
  • What stimulates an increase in breathing rate during strenuous exercise?

  • Decreased CO2 levels
  • High levels of O2 in the muscles
  • Low H+ levels in the blood
  • Excess lactate production (correct)
  • In which scenario is a large drop in O2 needed to stimulate chemoreceptors and increase breathing?

  • During rest
  • When asleep
  • At high altitudes (correct)
  • During exercise
  • What defines the saturation rate concerning hemoglobin?

    <p>How many hemoglobin are filled with O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of fetal blood's hemoglobin?

    <p>Higher affinity for O2 than adult hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one effect of lower pH on hemoglobin regarding oxygen dissociation?

    <p>Reduced O2 dissociation from hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the cilia in the nose?

    <p>To push mucus and debris towards the throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the laryngopharynx split into?

    <p>Larynx anteriorly and esophagus posteriorly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis?

    <p>To close off the trachea during swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure marks the beginning of the respiratory zone?

    <p>Respiratory bronchiole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of alveolar macrophages?

    <p>To protect against pathogens and debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is responsible for causing lung contraction during breathing?

    <p>Intra-alveolar pressure exceeding intrapleural pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does thoracic wall compliance refer to in relation to breathing?

    <p>Ease of expanding the thoracic wall during breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tidal volume in relation to pulmonary ventilation?

    <p>Volume of air entering lungs during normal breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines inspiratory reserve volume in the respiratory system?

    <p>Amount of air beyond tidal inspiration that can be forcefully inhaled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the functional residual capacity in terms of lung function?

    <p>Amount of air left after tidal expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

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