5 Questions
What is the function of the C-shaped rings of cartilage in the trachea?
Provide structural support and prevent the trachea from collapsing
Where does the trachea divide into left and right primary bronchi?
At the level of the fifth intercostal space
What is the site of gas exchange in the respiratory system?
Alveoli
Why is it important for both the lining of alveoli and adjacent capillaries to be only one cell thick?
To allow for gas exchange between air and blood
How does a healthy respiratory system contribute to overall health?
By supplying oxygen to all cells in the body
Study Notes
Respiratory System Overview
- The respiratory system facilitates the exchange of gases between atmospheric air and the body's cells.
- Atmospheric air consists of approximately 21% oxygen and 78% nitrogen, with small amounts of inert gases, including 0.03% carbon dioxide.
Respiratory Zones
- The respiratory system is divided into two zones: the upper respiratory zone and the lower respiratory zone.
Upper Respiratory Zone
- Consists of the nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and pharynx.
- The pharynx is divided into three parts: nasopharynx (posterior to the nasal cavity), oropharynx (posterior to the aural cavity), and laryngopharynx (just above the larynx).
- Provides filtering, warming, and humidifying services to protect the delicate surfaces lower down in the respiratory tract.
Lower Respiratory Zone
- Consists of the larynx, trachea, and several structures within the lungs.
- The larynx is responsible for producing or modifying sounds or speech.
- The trachea, or windpipe, and lung structures are concerned with gas exchange or delivering air to gas exchange surfaces.
Lungs
- The lungs are divided into left and right lungs.
- The right lung consists of three lobes: superior, middle, and inferior.
- Each lung is further divided into lobes.
Test your knowledge on the respiratory system and the exchange of gases between atmospheric air and body cells. Learn about the composition of atmospheric air, the processes of inhalation and exhalation, and how breathing can adapt to varying oxygen consumption needs.
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