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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of type II cells in the alveoli?
What is the primary function of type II cells in the alveoli?
- To regulate air exchange in the alveoli
- To produce mucus in the alveoli
- To produce surfactant in the alveoli (correct)
- To filter out dust from the alveoli
What is the name of the membrane-bound organelles containing whorls of phospholipid produced by type II cells?
What is the name of the membrane-bound organelles containing whorls of phospholipid produced by type II cells?
- Lysosomes
- Lamellar bodies (correct)
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi apparatus
What forms from the extruded lamellar bodies in the alveolar lumen?
What forms from the extruded lamellar bodies in the alveolar lumen?
- Bronchioles
- Tubular myelin (correct)
- Alveolar sacs
- Pulmonary vessels
How do the phospholipids of surfactant line up in the alveoli?
How do the phospholipids of surfactant line up in the alveoli?
What happens to the surface tension in the alveoli as they enlarge during inspiration?
What happens to the surface tension in the alveoli as they enlarge during inspiration?
What happens to the surfactant molecules as the alveoli enlarge during inspiration?
What happens to the surfactant molecules as the alveoli enlarge during inspiration?
What happens to the surface tension in the alveoli as they decrease in size during expiration?
What happens to the surface tension in the alveoli as they decrease in size during expiration?
What happens to some of the protein-lipid complexes in surfactant after secretion?
What happens to some of the protein-lipid complexes in surfactant after secretion?
What is the relationship between surface tension and surfactant concentration per unit area in the alveoli?
What is the relationship between surface tension and surfactant concentration per unit area in the alveoli?
What is the importance of surfactant in the alveoli?
What is the importance of surfactant in the alveoli?
What is the average distance between air and blood in the alveoli?
What is the average distance between air and blood in the alveoli?
What is the primary function of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) in the lungs?
What is the primary function of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) in the lungs?
Which part of the diaphragm is also the inferior part of the pericardium?
Which part of the diaphragm is also the inferior part of the pericardium?
What is the effect of contraction of the crural fibers of the diaphragm on the esophagus?
What is the effect of contraction of the crural fibers of the diaphragm on the esophagus?
What is the primary action of the external intercostal muscles during inspiration?
What is the primary action of the external intercostal muscles during inspiration?
What is the consequence of transection of the spinal cord above the 3rd cervical segment?
What is the consequence of transection of the spinal cord above the 3rd cervical segment?
What is the primary function of the pleural fluid?
What is the primary function of the pleural fluid?
What is the average volume of pleural fluid in healthy adults?
What is the average volume of pleural fluid in healthy adults?
Which layer of the pleura lines the chest cavity?
Which layer of the pleura lines the chest cavity?
What is the effect of contraction of the costal fibers of the diaphragm on intra-abdominal pressure?
What is the effect of contraction of the costal fibers of the diaphragm on intra-abdominal pressure?
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
What is the name of the region of the respiratory tract that includes the nose, nasal cavity, and mouth?
What is the name of the region of the respiratory tract that includes the nose, nasal cavity, and mouth?
What is the approximate size of particulates that tend to not be inhaled through the nose?
What is the approximate size of particulates that tend to not be inhaled through the nose?
What is the name of the gene that is abnormal in cystic fibrosis?
What is the name of the gene that is abnormal in cystic fibrosis?
What is the effect of the most common mutation causing cystic fibrosis on the CFTR protein?
What is the effect of the most common mutation causing cystic fibrosis on the CFTR protein?
What is the result of suppressed chloride secretion in the airways in cystic fibrosis?
What is the result of suppressed chloride secretion in the airways in cystic fibrosis?
What is the approximate percentage of the alveolar epithelial surface area covered by type I cells?
What is the approximate percentage of the alveolar epithelial surface area covered by type I cells?
What is the name of the type of epithelial cells that are thicker and contain numerous lamellar inclusion bodies in the alveoli?
What is the name of the type of epithelial cells that are thicker and contain numerous lamellar inclusion bodies in the alveoli?
What is the approximate percentage of epithelial cells in the alveoli that are type II cells?
What is the approximate percentage of epithelial cells in the alveoli that are type II cells?
What is the name of the bacterium that often causes repeated pulmonary infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis?
What is the name of the bacterium that often causes repeated pulmonary infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis?
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