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Respiratory System Anatomy and Function Overview

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Respiratory System Anatomy and Function Overview

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Questions and Answers

What effect does surfactant have on pulmonary compliance?

Reduces lung volume

Decreases it

Increases it (correct)

Has no effect on it

Why do the curves for inspiration and expiration differ when plotting change in volume over change in pressure?

Because of rib cage flexibility

Due to lung size differences

Dependent on tidal volume

Related to hysteresis caused by surface tension (correct)

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?

Sciatic nerve

Vagus nerve

Phrenic nerve (correct)

Optic nerve

What term is used to describe the volume of air left in the lung at the end of normal quiet expiration?

Functional residual capacity Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pulmonary surfactant?

Reduces surface tension of alveoli Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily determines the functional residual capacity of the lungs?

Elastic re-coil of the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are involved in active inspiration?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is the total volume of air from maximum inspiration to maximal expiration called?

Vital capacity Signup and view all the answers

What does the parietal pleura membrane cover?

Internal surface of thoracic cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure of hysteresis when plotting change in volume over change in pressure?

Size of the shape captured within two curves Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the visceral pleura membrane?

Covers lobes of lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the atmospheric pressure in breathing?

Affects the pressure of surrounding air Signup and view all the answers