22 Questions
Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?
Alveolar-capillary membrane
Which zone of the lungs warms and humidifies inspired air?
Conducting zone
What is the function of the bronchial circulation in the lungs?
Gas exchange
Which part of the lung serves as the anatomic dead space?
Conducting zone
What is the site of gas exchange in the respiratory units known as?
Alveolar-capillary membrane
Which part of the lung has its own distinct circulation called pulmonary circulation?
Respiratory zone
What is the main role of the alveolar-capillary membrane in the lungs?
To facilitate gas exchange between the alveoli and capillaries
Which physical law describes the relationship between pressure and volume changes when air moves into and out of the lungs?
Boyle's Law
In a normal breathing cycle, what happens to intrapleural pressure during inspiration?
It decreases
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for conducting air into the lungs without participating in gas exchange?
Trachea
What is the primary function of the respiratory zone in the lungs?
To facilitate gas exchange between air and blood
During gas exchange in the lungs, where does oxygen move from and to?
From alveolar air to capillaries
What is the term for the air that remains in the conducting airway and does not reach the alveoli?
Dead space volume
Which equation is used to estimate alveolar ventilation with hyperventilation and hypoventilation?
Alveolar air equation
What factor can drastically change Alveolar Ventilation by altering the rate or depth of breathing?
Hyperventilation
What is the term for the alveoli ventilated but not perfused with pulmonary capillary blood?
Alveolar dead space
Which equation uses CO2 levels to determine physiological dead space?
Bohr equation
Which physical law describes the relationship between surface tension and pressure in alveoli?
Law of Laplace
What substance reduces surface tension in the lungs and prevents alveolar collapse?
Pulmonary surfactant
What condition results from a deficiency in pulmonary surfactant in premature infants?
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS)
What term refers to the sum of anatomic dead space and alveolar dead space?
Physiological dead space
Which factor can lead to an increased lung compliance?
Emphysema (Obstructive Lung Disease)
Test your knowledge on the normal flow-volume loop and identify the effort-dependent and effort-independent portions of the expiratory flow curve in respiratory physiology. Explore concepts related to cellular respiration, external respiration, and gas exchange between the atmosphere and lungs.
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