Respiratory Medications

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Which of the following medications is an antifungal agent used to treat thrush infections?

Fluticasone
Salmeterol
Formoterol
Nystatin (correct)

Advair combines which two types of medications?

Inhaled Corticosteroid (ICS) and Long-Acting Beta Agonist (LABA) (correct)
Bronchodilator and Corticosteroid
Antifungal and Short-Acting Beta Agonist (SABA)
Antibiotic and Anticholinergic

Combining medications like Advair or Symbicort are recommended for the treatment of acute bronchospasm.

False (B)

When administering multiple inhaled medications, which type of medication should be given first?

Bronchodilator Signup and view all the answers

A patient is prescribed beclomethasone dipropionate HFA (Qvar Redihaler) at 60 mcg/dose. What is the appropriate daily dosage range for this medication?

80-160 mcg/day (B) Signup and view all the answers

After administering a bronchodilator and before antibiotics, a patient receiving multiple inhaled medications should next receive a(n) ________.

corticosteroid Signup and view all the answers

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are primarily used for quick relief of acute asthma symptoms.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Sarah's symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing, especially at night, are indicative of what condition?

Inflammation in her airways (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the generic name of the long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) found in Advair Diskus?

Salmeterol Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes how inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) work to help control asthma?

Targeting the underlying inflammatory process (D) Signup and view all the answers

To minimize the risk of oral candidiasis (thrush) when using inhaled corticosteroids, patients should rinse their mouth with _________ after each treatment.

water Signup and view all the answers

Inhaled corticosteroids are primarily beneficial for patients experiencing infrequent asthma symptoms or isolated exacerbations.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential side effect or hazard associated with the use of corticosteroids?

Hypotension (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of corticosteroids in treating asthma and COPD?

They act as anti-inflammatory agents with direct and indirect bronchodilating effects. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the inhaled corticosteroid with its brand name:

Beclomethasone = Qvar Budesonide = Pulmicort Fluticasone = Flovent Mometasone = Asmanex Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect on lung function after discontinuing inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) use?

Lung function returns to pretreatment values in 1 to 2 months. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of allergic asthma?

It involves a specific antigen such as pollen or dust. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Non-allergic asthma involves a specific immune response to an identified antigen.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of treatment during the late phase of an inflammatory response in asthma?

stopping inflammatory progress Signup and view all the answers

The adrenal cortex secretes steroid substances known as adrenocortical steroids or ______.

corticosteroids Signup and view all the answers

Match the following corticosteroids with their relative glucocorticoid strength:

Hydrocortisone = 1 Prednisone = 2.5-3.5 Methylprednisolone = 4-5 Dexamethasone = 20-40 Signup and view all the answers

Why are synthetic corticosteroids developed to be more glucocorticoid-like?

To enhance anti-inflammatory activity. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Glucocorticoids have no effect on carbohydrate metabolism, making them safe for diabetic patients.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis?

controls corticosteroid release Signup and view all the answers

High levels of corticosteroids in the bloodstream inhibit further release of CRF and ACTH, demonstrating a normal ______ mechanism.

biofeedback Signup and view all the answers

What can occur when synthetic corticosteroid drugs are used long-term to treat diseases?

Adrenal or HPA suppression. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Short-term use of synthetic steroids (up to 3 weeks) requires a slow taper to discontinue safely.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of corticosteroids in blocking late-phase asthma responses?

blocking arachidonic acid cascade Signup and view all the answers

A common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids is oral thrush, which is a ______ yeast infection.

candida Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common short-term side effect of corticosteroid use?

Appetite stimulation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which route of corticosteroid administration is altered to minimize systemic toxicity when treating airway inflammation?

Inhaled (B) Signup and view all the answers

Benefits of ICS

Long-term asthma control via inhalation, reducing symptoms and improving lung function.

Airway remodeling

Prevents and reverses structural changes in the airway caused by chronic inflammation