Respiratory Infections and Associated Conditions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a common cause of lung abscess?

Aspergillus infection

Poor dental hygiene (correct)

Allergic rhinitis

Viral pneumonia

Which condition is often associated with recurrent bronchopulmonary infections?

Asthma

Bronchiectasis (correct)

Chronic bronchitis

Pulmonary tuberculosis

What symptom is characteristic of pulmonary tuberculosis in later stages?

Cough with thick mucoid sputum

Dyspnea

Weight gain

Fever and night sweats (correct)

What is a common risk factor for Klebsiella pneumonia in alcoholism?

Chronic bronchitis Signup and view all the answers

Which respiratory condition is often characterized by sputum that is copious and foul-smelling?

Bronchiectasis Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of acute inflammation in laryngitis?

Blood-streaked sputum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common cause of acute bronchitis?

Viral infection Signup and view all the answers

In a patient with acute bronchitis, which of the following findings is most suggestive of a bacterial etiology?

Productive cough with purulent sputum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia?

Streptococcus pneumoniae Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic finding in viral pneumonia?

Interstitial infiltrates on chest radiograph Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common cause of chronic laryngitis?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Signup and view all the answers

In a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which of the following is the most common cause of an acute exacerbation?

Viral respiratory infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of mycoplasma and viral pneumonias?

Acute illness generally without fever or dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of acute bronchitis?

Dry cough that may become productive of variable amounts of sputum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of bacterial pneumonias?

Sputum is mucoid or purulent; may be blood-streaked, diffusely pinkish, or rusty Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of laryngitis or chronic inflammation?

Dry cough, may become productive of variable amounts of sputum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of bacterial pneumonias?

Acute illness generally without fever or dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of mycoplasma and viral pneumonias?

Dry hacking cough that may become productive of mucoid sputum Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cough and Sputum

Cough and sputum can be associated with various underlying conditions, including Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Klebsiella, especially in those with alcoholism, smoking, chronic bronchitis, COPD, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.

Acute Inflammation Laryngitis

Characterized by chronic cough, sputum that is mucoid or postnasal drip, and may be associated with allergic rhinitis and sinusitis.

Chronic Bronchitis

Marked by chronic cough, sputum that is mucoid to purulent, and may be blood-streaked or bloody, often with recurrent wheezing and dyspnea, and a prolonged history of tobacco abuse.

Bronchiectasis

Characterized by chronic cough, sputum that is purulent, often copious and foul-smelling, and may be blood-streaked or bloody, with recurrent bronchopulmonary infections and possibly coexisting sinusitis.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Cough, which may be dry or with mucoid or purulent sputum, and may be blood-streaked or bloody, with anorexia, weight loss, fatigue, fever, and night sweats, and often with no symptoms early on.

Lung Abscess

Characterized by sputum that is purulent and foul-smelling, and may be bloody, often from aspiration pneumonia, with fever and infection from oral anaerobes and poor dental hygiene, and may have dysphagia or an episode of impaired consciousness.

Asthma

Cough, which may be with thick mucoid sputum, especially near the end of an attack, with episodic wheezing and dyspnea, but cough may occur alone, and often with a history of allergies and nocturnal episodes.

Diffuse Interstitial Lung Diseases

Abnormal and widespread infiltration of cells, fluid, and collagen into interstitial spaces between alveoli, with many causes, and progressive dyspnea that varies in its rate of development with the cause.

Pneumonia

Infection of lung parenchyma from the respiratory bronchioles to the alveoli, with an acute illness, and the timing varies with the causative agent.

Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Leakage of air into the pleural space through blebs on the visceral pleura, with resulting partial or complete collapse of the lung, and sudden onset of dyspnea.

Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Sudden occlusion of part of the pulmonary arterial tree by a blood clot that usually originates in the deep veins of the legs or pelvis, with sudden onset of tachypnea, dyspnea, and anxiety with hyperventilation.

Anxiety with Hyperventilation

Overbreathing, with resultant respiratory alkalosis and a fall in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), and episodic, often recurrent.

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Description

Test your knowledge on respiratory infections commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Klebsiella. Explore symptoms such as chronic cough, mucoid sputum, postnasal drip, and conditions like chronic bronchitis and allergies.