Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Which structure prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Which structure prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing?
What is ventilation primarily concerned with?
What is ventilation primarily concerned with?
During inhalation, which muscles contract to increase the thoracic cavity size?
During inhalation, which muscles contract to increase the thoracic cavity size?
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Which of the following best describes respiration?
Which of the following best describes respiration?
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What makes up the upper airway?
What makes up the upper airway?
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Which component is NOT part of the lower airway?
Which component is NOT part of the lower airway?
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What is the role of the diaphragm during breathing?
What is the role of the diaphragm during breathing?
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What causes air to flow into the lungs?
What causes air to flow into the lungs?
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During exhalation, what happens to the diaphragm?
During exhalation, what happens to the diaphragm?
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What is alveolar respiration primarily responsible for?
What is alveolar respiration primarily responsible for?
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Which of the following describes cellular respiration?
Which of the following describes cellular respiration?
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What is a sign of respiratory distress?
What is a sign of respiratory distress?
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What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?
What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?
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Which of the following is NOT included in assessing breathing quality?
Which of the following is NOT included in assessing breathing quality?
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What happens when the intercostal muscles relax?
What happens when the intercostal muscles relax?
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What characterizes normal respiration?
What characterizes normal respiration?
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What is the role of capillary/cellular exchange?
What is the role of capillary/cellular exchange?
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Which of the following is NOT a preferred ventilation technique?
Which of the following is NOT a preferred ventilation technique?
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What characterizes emphysema as a disease?
What characterizes emphysema as a disease?
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Which of the following is a contraindication for using an inhaler?
Which of the following is a contraindication for using an inhaler?
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What side effect is commonly associated with beta-agonist inhalers?
What side effect is commonly associated with beta-agonist inhalers?
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Which lung disorder is characterized by excessive mucous secretions?
Which lung disorder is characterized by excessive mucous secretions?
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What is hemoptysis?
What is hemoptysis?
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What color of blood is typically associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding?
What color of blood is typically associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding?
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What is the primary intervention for respiratory distress?
What is the primary intervention for respiratory distress?
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During a focused history, what should be ensured for all patients?
During a focused history, what should be ensured for all patients?
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In what position should patients in respiratory distress be transported?
In what position should patients in respiratory distress be transported?
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Which of the following conditions may exhibit hemoptysis?
Which of the following conditions may exhibit hemoptysis?
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What is the least priority action after administering oxygen?
What is the least priority action after administering oxygen?
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Which patient condition would most likely require administration of oxygen?
Which patient condition would most likely require administration of oxygen?
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What is the characteristic appearance of blood in hemoptysis linked to severe conditions?
What is the characteristic appearance of blood in hemoptysis linked to severe conditions?
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What is the significance of assessing body systems associated with the chief complaint?
What is the significance of assessing body systems associated with the chief complaint?
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What is tidal volume?
What is tidal volume?
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Which statement about the respiratory anatomy of infants and children is accurate?
Which statement about the respiratory anatomy of infants and children is accurate?
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How does the size of an infant's tongue compare to that of an adult's?
How does the size of an infant's tongue compare to that of an adult's?
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What are the consequences of infants and children's respiratory anatomy?
What are the consequences of infants and children's respiratory anatomy?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the OPQRST assessment framework?
Which of the following is NOT part of the OPQRST assessment framework?
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What does the 'S' in SAMPLE stand for?
What does the 'S' in SAMPLE stand for?
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What is a characteristic of the cricoid cartilage in infants and children?
What is a characteristic of the cricoid cartilage in infants and children?
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Which of the following is a major consideration for infants and children concerning their respiratory systems?
Which of the following is a major consideration for infants and children concerning their respiratory systems?
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What does the 'A' in SAMPLE represent?
What does the 'A' in SAMPLE represent?
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Which of the following best describes the physical examination step in the focused history?
Which of the following best describes the physical examination step in the focused history?
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Study Notes
Respiratory Emergencies Overview
- Basic life support (BLS) is a fundamental component of respiratory care.
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is crucial for restoring breathing and heartbeat.
- Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are vital tools in treating cardiac emergencies.
- Advanced life support (ALS) involves more advanced interventions.
Respiratory System Review
- Anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system are essential.
- Assessing breathing involves evaluating adequate breathing, breathing difficulty, and conducting a focused history and physical exam.
Emergency Medical Care
- Oxygen administration is a critical component of respiratory emergencies.
- Proper patient positioning is crucial during transport.
- Artificial ventilation may be necessary in severe respiratory distress.
- Inhalers are frequently used to treat respiratory conditions.
Respiratory Terminology
- Ventilation refers to the movement of air.
- Respiration is the exchange of gases in the body.
Ventilation
- Inhalation (breathing in): The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, expanding the thoracic cavity and creating negative pressure. Ribs move upward and outward. Air flows into the lungs.
- Exhalation (breathing out): Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, decreasing the thoracic cavity size and restoring positive pressure. Ribs move downward and inward. Air is expelled from the lungs.
Respiration
- Alveolar respiration is the gas exchange within the lungs.
- Cellular respiration is gas exchange within the tissues of the body.
Alveolar Respiration
- Oxygen-rich air is inhaled into the alveoli.
- Oxygen diffuses into the capillaries.
- Oxygen-poor blood releases carbon dioxide into the alveoli.
- Carbon dioxide is exhaled.
Cellular Respiration
- Cells release carbon dioxide to the capillaries.
- Capillaries deliver oxygen to the cells.
Normal Breathing
- Normal respiratory rates are different for adults, children, and infants.
Assessing Breathing
- Factors to assess breathing include rate, rhythm, quality, chest expansion, effort of breathing, depth of breathing, and breath sounds.
- Use of accessory muscles signals respiratory distress.
Focused History and Physical Examination
- OPQRST (Onset, Provocation, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Time) method is employed for gathering patient information during assessment.
- SAMPLE (Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events) method is for collecting patient data in a comprehensive manner.
- Hematemesis (vomiting blood): Indicates upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Hemoptysis (coughing up blood): Usually signifies a respiratory issue. Physical exams are vital.
Emergency Medical Care
- Oxygen administration is a critical procedure in respiratory emergencies.
- Oxygen is the most important medication in respiratory distress situations.
- Patient transport position should be most comfortable.
- Artificial ventilations techniques include mouth-to-mask, two-person bag-valve-mask, and flow-restricted oxygen-powered devices.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- COPD encompasses conditions like emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma.
Emphysema
- An abnormal lung condition causing overinflation of the lungs.
- Alveolar walls are damaged, reducing lung elasticity and gas exchange.
Chronic Bronchitis
- Characterized by mucus secretions and inflammation in the bronchial tubes.
Asthma
- A recurring lung condition causing breathing difficulties, wheezing, coughing, and lung secretions.
Inhalers
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Devices used to deliver medications to the lungs for treating respiratory distress.
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Common types include beta-agonist inhalers and others.
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Indications for inhaler use includes exhibiting symptoms of respiratory distress.
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Physician-prescribed inhalers must be used with authorization from medical personnel.
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Inability to use the inhaler, absence of a prescribed inhaler, no permission from medical direction, and maximum dose use prior to professional arrival are contraindications for inhaler use.
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Procedure to assist someone with an inhaler includes, checking expiration dates, confirming that the device is at room temperature, shaking and preparation of the medication, removal of other respiratory assisting devices, and nasal cannula may remain in place.
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Patient inhalations should be slow, deep breaths, while actively depressing the inhalant.
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The patient should inhale deeply and hold their breath to allow the medication to properly absorb.
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Re-administration of the medication should only occur in the event of specific orders from appropriate medical professionals.
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Maintaining comprehensive records of the medication, time, vital signs and other observed changes of the patient condition must be done.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts related to respiratory emergencies, including basic life support and advanced interventions. Understand the anatomy of the respiratory system and the assessment techniques used in emergency situations. Test your knowledge on oxygen administration, ventilation, and CPR.
