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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
- Pulmonary surfactant deficiency (correct)
- Pulmonary edema
- Intraventricular hemorrhage
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
At what gestational age is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) typically seen?
At what gestational age is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) typically seen?
- 42 weeks or more
- 39 weeks or more
- Less than 37 weeks (correct)
- 37 weeks or more
What is a complication of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
What is a complication of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
- Urinary tract infection
- Tension pneumothorax (correct)
- Meningitis
- Pneumonia
How is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) diagnosed?
How is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) diagnosed?
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What is a consequence of surfactant deficiency in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
What is a consequence of surfactant deficiency in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
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Study Notes
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
- Caused by pulmonary surfactant deficiency
- Typically occurs in neonates born at < 37 weeks gestation
- Deficiency worsens with increasing prematurity
Effects of Surfactant Deficiency
- Alveoli close or fail to open
- Lungs become diffusely atelectatic
- Triggers inflammation and pulmonary edema
Complications of RDS
- Respiratory insufficiency
- Increased risk of:
- Intraventricular hemorrhage
- Tension pneumothorax
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Sepsis
- Death
Diagnosis
- Clinically diagnosed
- Confirmed with chest x-ray
- Exclude pneumonia and sepsis by appropriate cultures
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