Respiratory Disorders Overview

• Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by reversible airflow obstruction.
• COPD is a progressive respiratory condition that leads to chronic airflow obstruction.
• Chronic bronchitis involves thickening of bronchial walls and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, resulting in obstruction.
• Emphysema is identified by permanent enlargement of the terminal air spaces in the lungs.
• Bronchiectasis refers to abnormal and permanent bronchial dilation due to destruction of muscular and elastic components.
• Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic condition caused by dysfunction in the CFTR protein.
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections can include common cold, acute laryngitis, croup, and acute epiglottitis.
• Lower Respiratory Tract Infections affect the lower respiratory tract and can manifest as bronchitis or pneumonia.
• Pneumonia involves the acute inflammatory consolidation of alveoli and infiltration of interstitial cells with inflammatory cells.
• Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, potentially leading to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome is a severe form of respiratory failure associated with capillary endothelial injury and diffuse alveolar damage.
• Obstructive lung disease refers to conditions that restrict the ability to exhale fully, impacting lung function.

Learn about common respiratory disorders such as asthma, COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and bronchiectasis. Understand the characteristics and differences between each disorder.