Respiratory Diagnosis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the defining symptom of an individual with asthma, objectively presented during a physical assessment?

Coughing

Wheezing (correct)

Chest pain

Anxiety

Which of the following is a differential diagnosis for asthma, based on the information provided?

Diabetes

Inflammatory bowel disease

Croup (correct)

Migraines

Which of these symptoms are you most likely to see in a patient experiencing a severe asthma attack?

Normal heart rate

Slow, deep breaths

Mild coughing

Breathlessness (correct)

What is the first line recommended treatment approach for an individual with asthma?

Stepwise approach (B) Signup and view all the answers

When should an individual with asthma be referred to pulmonology?

If they have no improvement despite using a stepwise approach (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are NOT signs of distress in a patient with pneumonia?

Pleuritic chest pain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for pneumonia in a patient with a penicillin allergy?

Doxycycline (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible symptom of pneumonia, as indicated in the text?

Nausea (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions may be a concern in a patient with pneumonia, as indicated in the text?

Lung cancer (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended dual therapy for pregnant patients with a penicillin allergy?

Azithromycin + Clindamycin (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is most characteristic of atypical pneumonia?

Persistent dry cough (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a patient experiencing acute bronchitis, which of the following would most likely be present?

Low-grade fever and malaise (D) Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a potential COPD exacerbation?

Sudden increase in wheezing (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is not typically associated with heart failure?

Chest pain during exercise (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of a cough associated with bronchitis?

Cough with wheezing or rhonchi (C) Signup and view all the answers

What symptom differentiates influenza from a simple URI (common cold)?

Acute onset with chills and fever (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of COVID-19, what is a suggested management strategy?

Symptom management and antiviral medications (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign of reflux esophagitis alongside a persistent cough?

Normal vital signs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is essential in the management of COPD?

Smoking cessation (B) Signup and view all the answers

For which of the following conditions is it recommended not to use antibiotics?

Viral infections like common cold (A) Signup and view all the answers

What common symptom can occur with both COVID-19 and influenza?

High fever with chills (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common duration for a cough to last in cases of simple URI?

3 weeks (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a classic viral presentation of CAP+Viral?

Cough, fever, chills, and muscle aches (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common sign when assessing lung sounds?

Dullness to percussion over lung fields (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for latent tuberculosis (TB)?

Short course of Rifampin or Isoniazid (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with active tuberculosis (TB)?

Night sweats (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of treating active tuberculosis?

Adherence to medication regimen for 6-9 months (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is likely indicated by rales in the upper posterior portion of the chest?

Active tuberculosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is specifically recommended for influenza infections?

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of active tuberculosis?

Weight gain (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of patient education for those undergoing TB treatment?

To prevent drug resistance and ensure successful outcomes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of sounds might you hear during expiration in a patient with bronchitis?

Loud crackles and rales (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Respiratory Study

Diagnosis: Asthma, Acute Bronchitis, Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Tuberculosis (TB)
Location: Respiratory
Subjective Data (Asthma): Coughing fits (especially at night/morning), wheezing (whistling), shortness of breath, chest tightness/pressure, sputum production, anxiety.
Subjective Data (Acute Bronchitis): Persistent, nagging cough (productive or not), substernal pain when breathing deeply, runny nose, sore throat, prolonged cough, fever, wheezing (usually on exhalation), rapid breathing (>30/min), tachycardia (>120/min), breathlessness, tripod position, diaphoresis, anxiety, visible distress, afebrile or low-grade fever.
Subjective Data (CAP): Acute onset (sudden), high fever (measurable and distinct), productive cough (copious yellow/green/brown sputum), pleuritic chest pain (painful breathing, especially deep inhalation), shortness of breath.
Subjective Data (TB): Gradual onset, persistent dry cough, low-grade fever, malaise, fatigue.
Subjective Data (Latent TB): No symptoms.
Subjective Data (Active TB): Chronic cough lasting >3 weeks, chest pain, hemoptysis (coughing up blood), fatigue, weight loss, night sweats.
Objective Data: Vital signs, lung sounds (crackles, rhonchi, wheezing, egophony, bronchophony, tactile fremitus), abnormalities in physical exam (flushed, watery eyes, inflamed nasal passages, swollen cervical lymph nodes, etc.).
Differential Diagnoses: Croup, vocal cord dysfunction, pneumonia, COPD, cardiac problems, GERD, simple URI, acute asthma, bronchiolitis.
Essential Plan Parts (Asthma and Acute Bronchitis): Stepwise approach, patient education, referral to pulmonologist (if no improvement), primary care handoff, rest, increased fluids, humidifiers/warm showers.
Essential Plan Parts (CAP): Amoxicillin for healthy patients; augmentin for lack of 48-hour improvement, doxycycline for penicillin allergy (non-pregnant).
Essential Plan Parts (TB): Rifampin or isoniazid based therapy (short course for latent TB), Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol (Long-term for active TB).
Key Considerations: Patient history (smoking, allergies, underlying conditions), duration and severity of symptoms , immunocompromised status, pregnancy status, medications, possible comorbiditis.

Additional Points

Symptoms can last up to 3 weeks.
Antibiotics aren't always necessary.
Patience is crucial. Encourage smoking cessation.
Educate on supportive care (rest, fluids, OTC meds).
Proper management and adhering to treatment plans are critical for success.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various respiratory conditions including Asthma, Acute Bronchitis, Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), and Tuberculosis (TB). This quiz covers subjective data for each condition, helping you to distinguish between symptoms and diagnoses effectively.