Respiratory Control Centres Overview
37 Questions
1 Views

Respiratory Control Centres Overview

Created by
@ExhilaratingChicago

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about the role of chemoreceptors in breathing is correct?

  • They detect changes in oxygen levels only.
  • They respond to CO2 and H+ ion concentrations in the blood. (correct)
  • They are located only in the peripheral tissues.
  • They are primarily involved in voluntary control of breathing.

    • The apneustic center inhibits breathing during forced respiration.

    False

    What is the function of the respiratory rhythmicity center located in the medulla?

    It regulates the rhythm of breathing.

    The __________________ reflex prevents overinflation of the lungs.

    <p>Hering-Breuer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory centers with their primary function:

    <p>DRG = Modulates normal breathing rhythm VRG = Assists with forced breathing Pneumotaxic center = Regulates the rate of breathing Apneustic center = Promotes prolonged inspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during inhalation in quiet breathing?

    <p>Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During normal quiet respiration, expiration is an active process.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the VRG during forced breathing?

    <p>The VRG stimulates the accessory muscles involved in both inhalation and exhalation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During forced breathing, the ______ neurons stimulate the expiratory accessory muscles.

    <p>VRG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does quiet breathing typically last during exhalation?

    <p>3 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory centers with their functions:

    <p>DRG = Active during quiet inhalation VRG = Stimulates accessory muscles of respiration Expiratory center of VRG = Inhibits during quiet breathing Inspiratory center of VRG = Facilitates forceful inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dorsal respiratory group becomes active after a 3-second expiration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the process that occurs during passive exhalation.

    <p>The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax, leading to passive elastic recoil of the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal breathing rate at rest?

    <p>12 - 18 breaths per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ventral respiratory group (VRG) functions only during quiet breathing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for setting the basic rhythm of breathing?

    <p>Medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dorsal respiratory group (DRG) acts as the __________ center.

    <p>inspiratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the respiratory centers with their functions:

    <p>Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG) = Functions as inspiratory center Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG) = Functions during forced breathing Apneustic Centre (APN) = Modifies medullary activity Pneumotaxic Centre (PNC) = Regulates breathing rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the respiratory centres?

    <p>Both DRG and VRG are involved in the involuntary control of respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Respiratory rhythmicity is controlled solely by the brainstem.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During quiet breathing, the inspiratory muscles contract for ______ seconds.

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the apneustic centre in the pons?

    <p>To send continuous stimulatory impulses for inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pneumotaxic centre facilitates prolonged inhalation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do emotional states have on respiration?

    <p>They can increase or decrease the respiration rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ reflex helps prevent over inflation of the lungs during breathing.

    <p>Hering-Breuer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for voluntary control of respiration?

    <p>Cerebral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory centres with their functions:

    <p>Apneustic centre = Sends stimulatory impulses for inhalation Pneumotaxic centre = Shortens inspiration and facilitates expiration Hering-Breuer reflex = Prevents over inflation of the lungs Cerebral cortex = Provides voluntary control over breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the pneumotaxic centre is correct?

    <p>It sends action potentials to inhibit the apneustic centre.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The higher centres in the brain have no impact on the respiratory control mechanism.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following receptors are sensitive to changes in PCO2 and pH of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>Central chemoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inflation reflex prevents overinflation of the lungs during forced breathing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mainly responsible for regulating respiratory activity?

    <p>CO2 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Peripheral chemoreceptors are found in the __________ and __________ bodies.

    <p>carotid, aortic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the inflation reflex?

    <p>Stretch receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hypoventilation leads to increased PCO2 levels in the blood.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves transmit impulses from the carotid bodies to the medulla?

    <p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory processes with their descriptions:

    <p>Central chemoreceptors = Respond to changes in PCO2 and pH Peripheral chemoreceptors = Respond to changes in PO2 Inflation reflex = Prevents overinflation of the lungs Hypoventilation = Slow and shallow breathing leading to increased CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Respiratory Control Centres

    • Respiratory centers in the medulla oblongata and pons control the rhythm of breathing.
    • Medullary Respiratory Centers
      • Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG): Functions as the inspiratory center, initiating inhalation.
      • Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG): Active during forced breathing, responsible for activating accessory muscles for both inhalation and exhalation.
    • Pontine Respiratory Centers
      • Apneustic Center (APN): Sends continuous stimulatory impulses to the DRG, promoting inhalation.
      • Pneumotaxic Center (PNC): Inhibits the APN, preventing overinflation of the lungs and facilitating expiration.

    Breathing Patterns:

    • Quiet Breathing:
      • DRG neurons activate the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles for inhalation.
      • Passive expiration occurs due to the elastic recoil of the lungs.
    • Forced Breathing:
      • Both DRG and VRG neurons become active, activating accessory muscles for inhalation.
      • VRG neurons stimulate expiratory muscles for active exhalation.

    Regulation of Respiratory Center Activity

    • Chemical Regulation:
      • Central Chemoreceptors (Medulla): Sensitive to changes in PCO2 and pH in the CSF.
      • Peripheral Chemoreceptors (Carotid and Aortic Bodies): Sensitive to decreases in PO2 in the blood.
    • Inflation Reflex (Hering-Breuer Reflex):
      • Stretch receptors in the lungs detect lung inflation, sending signals to the medulla via the vagus nerve.
      • This inhibits the DRG and stimulates the VRG, stopping inhalation and initiating exhalation.

    Other Factors Regulating Respiration:

    • Cerebral Cortex: Voluntary control over breathing, influenced by emotions and conscious decisions.
    • Hypothalamus: Receives input from other receptors (e.g., pain) and emotional stimuli, influencing respiratory centers.

    Summary of Respiratory Regulation:

    • CO2 is a primary regulator of respiration. Increases in PCO2 stimulate respiratory centers to increase rate and depth of breathing.
    • Overinflation is prevented by the Hering-Breuer reflex, which triggers exhalation in response to lung stretch.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    HUB105 Lecture 23 Control Of Respiration 2024 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the respiratory control centers located in the medulla oblongata and pons, detailing their roles in regulating breathing patterns. Learn about the Dorsal and Ventral Respiratory Groups and the Pontine Centers including the Apneustic and Pneumotaxic Centers. Test your understanding of both quiet and forced breathing mechanisms.

    More Like This

    Recunoaște semnele și simptomele de insuficiență respiratorie
    82 questions

    Recunoaște semnele și simptomele de insuficiență respiratorie

    RightfulParadise avatar
    RightfulParadise
    Breathe Easy
    4 questions

    Breathe Easy

    ElatedMossAgate8107 avatar
    ElatedMossAgate8107
    Oxygenation Process and Breathing Patterns Quiz
    5 questions

    Oxygenation Process and Breathing Patterns Quiz

    QuieterRhodolite avatar
    QuieterRhodolite
    Respiratory System Overview
    35 questions

    Respiratory System Overview

    BetterSetting avatar
    BetterSetting
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser