38 Questions
What is the primary function of the mucociliary blanket in the airway?
To move secretions upward toward the larynx
Which cells synthesize and secrete mucus into the airway?
Goblet cells
What is the average daily production of secretions in the airway of healthy individuals?
10-100 mL
What is the primary function of the mucus layer?
To filter out particles and germs
What is the term for the wave-like motion of cilia that helps move secretions upward?
Mucociliary escalator
What is the role of submucosal glands in airway clearance?
To produce mucus
What is the term for the study of cilia and mucociliary clearance?
Cilia and mucociliary clearance
What is the name of the mechanism that occurs from the larynx to the respiratory bronchioles?
Mucociliary clearance
What is the minimum amount of sputum production required for CPT to be effective?
25-30 ml/day
Which of the following conditions is NOT an indication for CPT in chronic conditions?
Pneumonia
What is the potential benefit of combining PD/P/V with exercise in cystic fibrosis?
Maintaining normal lung function
In which of the following conditions can CPT be used to prevent chest infections?
Neuromuscular Disorders
What is the result of a large pressure gradient between the intrathoracic airways and atmospheric pressure during the expulsion phase?
A violent, expulsive flow of air from the lungs
What is the primary goal of postural drainage in acute respiratory failure?
Removing excess secretions
What is the primary goal of airway clearance therapy (ACT)?
To assist the patient to mobilize and remove retained secretions
Which of the following is an indication for CPT in acute conditions?
Lobar atelectasis
What can lead to mucus retention and worsening airway clearance?
Abnormalities in airway patency, mucociliary function, and strength of breathing muscles
Which of the following diseases can impair airway clearance?
Foreign body, lung cancer, asthma, COPD, and kyphoscoliosis
What is a result of mucus plugging?
Atelectasis, V/Q imbalances, and hypoxemia
What is the effect of abnormal mucociliary clearance on the airways?
It leads to retention of secretions in the airways
What is the expected outcome of airway clearance therapy (ACT)?
Improved gas exchange, promoted alveolar expansion, and reduced work of breathing (WOB)
Where should you clap for drainage in the Upper Lobes Posterior apical Segment?
Over the area between the top of scapula on each side
What angle should the patient be positioned at for the High Fowler's position?
30 degrees
What is the mechanism by which mucus is displaced from the airway walls during the expulsion phase?
Shearing force created by the dynamic airway compression
In what position should the patient be for draining the Upper Lobes Anterior Segment?
Lying flat on back with pillow under knees
How should the bed or drainage table be positioned for the Upper Lobe Right Posterior Segment?
Flat
What is the correct position for the patient to drain the Upper Lobes left posterior segment?
Lying on the right side and quarter turn towards prone
What degree angle is needed to elevate the head and shoulders for the Upper Lobes left posterior segment?
30 degrees
How much should the foot of table or bed be elevated for the Right Middle Lobe: lateral and medial segments?
14 inches
When positioning a patient for drainage of the Right Middle Lobe, how should they position their knees?
Flexed
What positioning of the hands is required for effective percussion?
Cupped position with thumb and fingers closed
How long should percussion be applied over the specific segment if tolerated by the patient?
3-5 minutes
What motion should be used for vibratory technique during expiration?
Rapid vibratory motion
Where should the hands be placed for the vibration technique?
On either side of the chest
Which type of clothing is recommended to improve patient comfort during percussion?
Hospital gown or bed sheet
What control features do mechanical percussion and vibration devices typically have?
Frequency and percussion force control
What is a potential hazard of using mechanical percussion and vibration devices?
Noise, excess force, mechanical failure and electrical shock
Up to what frequency do most mechanical percussion units provide?
20 to 50 Hz
This quiz covers the principles and methods of airway clearance therapy in respiratory care, including the physiology of airway clearance, indications, and techniques.
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